{
  "id": 3061,
  "label": "apraxia",
  "model": {
    "label": "Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO)",
    "source": 0
  },
  "type_id": 0,
  "reference_id": "MONDO:0000665",
  "properties": {
    "xrefs": [
      "DOID:0060135",
      "ICD10CM:R48.2",
      "MEDGEN:8166",
      "MESH:D001072",
      "NCIT:C180557",
      "UMLS:C0003635",
      "icd11.foundation:986651951"
    ],
    "synonyms": [
      "Apraxias",
      "dyspraxia"
    ],
    "categories": [
      {
        "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
        "name": "nervous system disorder"
      }
    ],
    "definition": "Apraxia is a neurological disorder characterized by the inability to perform tasks or movements, despite having the desire and physical ability to perform them. It is caused by damage to the brain, especially the parietal lobe, and can arise from many diseases, tumors, a stroke, or traumatic brain injury. In some cases it is present from birth. There are several types of apraxia, which may occur alone or together. These include: Buccofacial or orofacial apraxia is the inability to carry out facial movements on demand. This may include licking the lips, sticking out the tongue, whistling, coughing, or winking. Ideational apraxia is the inability to carryout learned, complex tasks with multiple, sequential movements. This may include dressing, eating, and bathing. Ideomotor apraxia is the inability to perform a learned task (such as using a tool) or communicate using gestures (like waving good-bye). Limb-kinetic apraxia is the inability to make fine, precise movements with an arm or leg. This may include buttoning a shirt or tying a shoe. Verbal apraxia is difficulty coordinating mouth and speech movements. Verbal apraxia may be acquired or present from birth. Constructional apraxia is the inability to copy, draw, or construct simple figures. Oculomotor apraxia is difficulty moving the eyes on command. Treatment of apraxia may include physical, speech, or occupational therapy. If apraxia occurs as a symptom of another disorder, treatment should be directed to the underlying condition."
  },
  "isLeaf": false,
  "isRoot": false,
  "child_count": 2,
  "parents": [
    {
      "id": 21402,
      "label": "perceptual disorders",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6799
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "MEDGEN:45392",
          "MESH:D010468",
          "UMLS:C0030975"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
            "name": "nervous system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "Cognitive disorders characterized by an impaired ability to perceive the nature of objects or concepts through use of the sense organs. These include spatial neglect syndromes, where an individual does not attend to visual, auditory, or sensory stimuli presented from one side of the body."
      },
      "child_count": 9,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0024417"
    }
  ],
  "children": [
    {
      "id": 8220,
      "label": "gait apraxia",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        3061
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:4260",
          "MEDGEN:266930",
          "MESH:D020235",
          "MedDRA:10070635",
          "UMLS:C1510417"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Gait apraxia (finding)"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
            "name": "nervous system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "Impaired ambulation not attributed to sensory impairment or motor weakness. frontal lobe disorders; basal ganglia diseases (e.g., parkinsonian disorders); dementia, multi-infarct; alzheimer disease; and other conditions may be associated with gait apraxia."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0006766"
    },
    {
      "id": 8248,
      "label": "ideomotor apraxia",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        3061
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:4627",
          "EFO:1000980",
          "ICD9:315.8",
          "MEDGEN:115961",
          "MESH:D020240",
          "MedDRA:10021216",
          "SCTID:229706001",
          "UMLS:C0234523"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "classic apraxia (finding) [ambiguous]",
          "limb-kinetic apraxia (finding)",
          "transcortical apraxia (finding)"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
            "name": "nervous system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A form of apraxia characterized by an acquired inability to carry out a complex motor activity despite the ability to mentally formulate the action. This condition has been attributed to a disruption of connections between the dominant parietal cortex and supplementary and premotor cortical regions in both hemispheres. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p57)"
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0006800"
    }
  ],
  "roots": [
    {
      "id": 21402,
      "label": "perceptual disorders"
    }
  ]
}