{
  "id": 4505,
  "label": "bone carcinoma",
  "model": {
    "label": "Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO)",
    "source": 0
  },
  "type_id": 0,
  "reference_id": "MONDO:0002415",
  "properties": {
    "xrefs": [
      "DOID:2762",
      "GARD:0023132"
    ],
    "synonyms": [
      "bone element carcinoma",
      "carcinoma of bone element"
    ],
    "categories": [
      {
        "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
        "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
      },
      {
        "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
        "name": "connective tissue disorder"
      }
    ],
    "definition": "A carcinoma that involves the bone element."
  },
  "isLeaf": false,
  "isRoot": false,
  "child_count": 7,
  "parents": [
    {
      "id": 4262,
      "label": "bone cancer",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        3041,
        18958
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "CSP:2019-1041",
          "DOID:184",
          "EFO:1000350",
          "GARD:0023070",
          "ICD9:170.9",
          "MEDGEN:79002",
          "MESH:D001859",
          "NCIT:C4016",
          "SCTID:428281000",
          "UMLS:C0279530"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "bone neoplasm",
          "bone tumor",
          "bone tumour",
          "osseous tumor",
          "osseous tumour",
          "bone cancer",
          "cancer of bone",
          "cancer of skeletal element",
          "cancer of the bone",
          "malignant bone neoplasm",
          "malignant bone tumor",
          "malignant neoplasm of bone",
          "malignant neoplasm of skeletal element",
          "malignant neoplasm of the bone",
          "malignant osseous neoplasm",
          "malignant osseous tumor",
          "malignant osseous tumour",
          "malignant skeletal element neoplasm",
          "malignant tumor of bone",
          "malignant tumor of the bone",
          "malignant tumour of bone",
          "malignant tumour of the bone",
          "osseous cancer",
          "skeletal element cancer"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
            "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
            "name": "connective tissue disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm affecting the bone or articular cartilage."
      },
      "child_count": 24,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0002129"
    },
    {
      "id": 6734,
      "label": "carcinoma",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6733,
        7265
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "CSP:2000-1867",
          "DOID:305",
          "EFO:0000313",
          "ICDO:8010/3",
          "ICDO:8011/3",
          "MEDGEN:2867",
          "MESH:D002277",
          "NCIT:C2916",
          "SCTID:722688002",
          "UMLS:C0007097"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "epithelioma",
          "Other carcinoma",
          "carcinoma",
          "carcinoma, malignant",
          "epithelial carcinoma",
          "epithelioma malignant",
          "malignant epithelial neoplasm",
          "malignant epithelial tumor",
          "malignant epithelial tumour",
          "malignant epithelioma"
        ],
        "definition": "A malignant tumor arising from epithelial cells. Carcinomas that arise from glandular epithelium are called adenocarcinomas, those that arise from squamous epithelium are called squamous cell carcinomas, and those that arise from transitional epithelium are called transitional cell carcinomas. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells may display abnormal mitotic figures, anaplasia, and necrosis. Carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Carcinomas invade the surrounding tissues and tend to metastasize to other anatomic sites. Lung carcinoma, skin carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and prostate carcinoma are the most frequently seen carcinomas."
      },
      "child_count": 98,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0004993"
    }
  ],
  "children": [
    {
      "id": 2879,
      "label": "paranasal sinus carcinoma",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        4505,
        20081,
        23674
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:0050619",
          "GARD:0009354",
          "MEDGEN:167751",
          "NCIT:C6014",
          "UMLS:C0854995"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "malignant neoplasm of paranasal sinus",
          "malignant paranasal sinus neoplasm",
          "paranasal sinus cancer",
          "accessory sinus cancer",
          "accessory sinus carcinoma",
          "cancer of paranasal sinus",
          "carcinoma of accessory sinus",
          "carcinoma of paranasal sinus",
          "carcinoma of the accessory sinus",
          "carcinoma of the paranasal sinus",
          "paranasal sinus carcinoma",
          "adenoid cystic carcinoma of accessory sinus",
          "epidermoid carcinoma of the paranasal sinus",
          "mucoepidermoid carcinoma of accessory sinus",
          "paranasal sinus adenocarcinoma",
          "paranasal sinus adenoid cystic carcinoma",
          "paranasal sinus mucoepidermoid carcinoma",
          "paranasal sinus squamous cell carcinoma",
          "squamous cell carcinoma of paranasal sinus"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
            "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
            "name": "connective tissue disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
            "name": "nervous system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005087",
            "name": "respiratory system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0024623",
            "name": "otorhinolaryngologic disease"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A malignant epithelial neoplasm arising in the paranasal sinus."
      },
      "child_count": 24,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0000380"
    },
    {
      "id": 2965,
      "label": "bone squamous cell carcinoma",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        4505,
        6823
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:0050896",
          "GARD:0022783"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "bone tissue squamous cell carcinoma"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
            "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
            "name": "connective tissue disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A squamous cell carcinoma that involves the bone tissue."
      },
      "child_count": 2,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0000514"
    },
    {
      "id": 4510,
      "label": "adamantinoma",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        4505
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:2775",
          "DOID:2776",
          "GARD:0016660",
          "ICD9:170.9",
          "ICDO:9261/3",
          "MEDGEN:83163",
          "MESH:C562741",
          "MESH:D050398",
          "NCIT:C7644",
          "OMIM:102660",
          "ONCOTREE:ADMA",
          "Orphanet:55881",
          "SCTID:307609003",
          "UMLS:C0334556",
          "icd11.foundation:2013322169"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Extragnathic adamantinoma",
          "adamantinoma",
          "adamantinoma of long bones",
          "adamantinoma of long bones (morphologic abnormality)",
          "adamantinoma, malignant",
          "long bone adamantinoma",
          "adamantinoma of long bone"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
            "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
            "name": "connective tissue disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A low grade malignant neoplasm arising from the long bones. The tibia is the most frequently affected bone site. Patients present with swelling which may or may not be associated with pain. Morphologically, it is characterized by a biphasic pattern consisting of an epithelial and an osteofibrous component. The vast majority of cases recur if they are not treated with radical surgery. In a minority of cases the tumor may metastasize to other anatomic sites including lymph nodes, lungs, liver, brain, and skeleton."
      },
      "child_count": 1,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0002422"
    },
    {
      "id": 5697,
      "label": "growth hormone-producing pituitary gland carcinoma",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        4185,
        4246,
        4505,
        19647
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:6256",
          "GARD:0023687",
          "MEDGEN:277331",
          "NCIT:C5963",
          "UMLS:C1334587"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Growth hormone producing pituitary gland carcinoma",
          "Growth hormone-producing pituitary gland carcinoma",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing neoplasm of pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing neoplasm of pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing neoplasm of the pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing neoplasm of the pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing pituitary gland neoplasm",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing pituitary gland tumor",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing pituitary gland tumour",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing pituitary neoplasm",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing pituitary tumor",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing pituitary tumour",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumor",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumor of pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumor of pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumor of the pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumor of the pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumour",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumour of pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumour of pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumour of the pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone producing tumour of the pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting neoplasm of pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting neoplasm of pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting neoplasm of the pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting neoplasm of the pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting pituitary gland neoplasm",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting pituitary gland tumor",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting pituitary gland tumour",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting pituitary neoplasm",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting pituitary tumor",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting pituitary tumour",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting tumor of pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting tumor of pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting tumor of the pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting tumor of the pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting tumour of pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting tumour of pituitary gland",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting tumour of the pituitary",
          "malignant Growth hormone secreting tumour of the pituitary gland",
          "malignant Somatotrophinoma of pituitary",
          "malignant Somatotrophinoma of pituitary gland",
          "malignant Somatotrophinoma of the pituitary gland",
          "malignant pituitary Somatotrophinoma",
          "malignant pituitary gland Somatotrophinoma",
          "malignant pituitary gland somatotropinoma",
          "malignant pituitary somatotropinoma",
          "malignant somatotropinoma of pituitary",
          "malignant somatotropinoma of pituitary gland",
          "malignant somatotropinoma of the pituitary",
          "malignant somatotropinoma of the pituitary gland"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
            "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
            "name": "connective tissue disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005039",
            "name": "reproductive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
            "name": "nervous system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A rare, hormonally functioning or non-functioning pituitary gland adenocarcinoma that produces growth hormone. It may be associated with acromegaly."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0003828"
    },
    {
      "id": 6094,
      "label": "osteosarcoma arising in bone Paget disease",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        4505,
        4680,
        20398
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:7542",
          "GARD:0023906",
          "ICDO:9184/3",
          "MEDGEN:569679",
          "NCIT:C6469",
          "UMLS:C0334546"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Paget osteosarcoma",
          "Paget's osteosarcoma",
          "osteosarcoma arising in Paget disease of bone",
          "osteosarcoma arising in Paget's disease of bone",
          "osteosarcoma arising in bone Paget's disease",
          "osteosarcoma arising in osseous Paget's disease",
          "osteosarcoma arising in osteitis deformans"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
            "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
            "name": "connective tissue disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A sarcomatous transformation of pre-existing Paget disease of the bone. Osteosarcomas arising from Paget disease of the bone are high grade lesions and usually have a poor prognosis."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0004275"
    },
    {
      "id": 17862,
      "label": "pituitary adenocarcinoma",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        4185,
        4246,
        4505,
        6712
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:4916",
          "GARD:0009371",
          "HP:0011763",
          "ICDO:8272/3",
          "MEDGEN:91096",
          "NCIT:C4536",
          "ONCOTREE:PTCA",
          "Orphanet:300385",
          "SCTID:254955001",
          "UMLS:C0346300"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "cancer of pituitary",
          "cancer of pituitary gland",
          "cancer of the pituitary",
          "cancer of the pituitary gland",
          "pituitary gland cancer",
          "carcinoma of pituitary",
          "carcinoma of pituitary gland",
          "carcinoma of the pituitary",
          "carcinoma of the pituitary gland",
          "pituitary adenocarcinoma (disease)",
          "pituitary carcinoma",
          "pituitary gland adenocarcinoma",
          "pituitary gland carcinoma",
          "PTCA"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
            "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
            "name": "connective tissue disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005039",
            "name": "reproductive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005071",
            "name": "nervous system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A rare adenocarcinoma with poor prognosis, arising from the adenohypophysial cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland or pre-existing adenomas. The majority are hormonally functioning neoplasms, usually producing prolactin or ACTH. The diagnosis is based on the presence of metastases. Syndromes associated with pituitary gland carcinomas include hyperprolactinemia, Cushing disease, and acromegaly."
      },
      "child_count": 12,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0017582"
    },
    {
      "id": 21608,
      "label": "metastatic carcinoma in the bone",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        4505,
        21603
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "GARD:0025471",
          "MEDGEN:195970",
          "NCIT:C36082",
          "UMLS:C0700110"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "metastatic carcinoma in the bone",
          "metastatic carcinoma to the bone"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0002081",
            "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0003900",
            "name": "connective tissue disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A carcinoma that has spread to the bone from another, primary anatomic site. Bone is one of the most frequent sites of metastatic carcinoma. Common sites of origin include lung, breast, and prostate."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0024884"
    }
  ],
  "roots": [
    {
      "id": 4262,
      "label": "bone cancer"
    },
    {
      "id": 6734,
      "label": "carcinoma"
    }
  ]
}