{
  "id": 6448,
  "label": "helminthiasis",
  "model": {
    "label": "Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO)",
    "source": 0
  },
  "type_id": 0,
  "reference_id": "MONDO:0004664",
  "properties": {
    "xrefs": [
      "DOID:883",
      "EFO:1001342",
      "ICD10CM:B65-B83",
      "ICD9:120-129",
      "ICD9:128.8",
      "ICD9:128.9",
      "MEDGEN:6765",
      "MESH:D006373",
      "NCIT:C84751",
      "SCTID:27601005",
      "UMLS:C0018889"
    ],
    "synonyms": [
      "helminthiasis",
      "worm infection"
    ],
    "definition": "A parasitic infection characterized by the infestation with worms, mainly in the intestine."
  },
  "isLeaf": false,
  "isRoot": false,
  "child_count": 22,
  "parents": [
    {
      "id": 6859,
      "label": "parasitic infectious disease",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        7200
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1398",
          "EFO:0001067",
          "ICD9:129",
          "ICD9:134.8",
          "ICD9:134.9",
          "ICD9:136.4",
          "ICD9:136.8",
          "ICD9:136.9",
          "ICD9:376.13",
          "MEDGEN:45325",
          "MESH:D010272",
          "NCIT:C27864",
          "SCTID:17322007",
          "UMLS:C0030499"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "disease caused by parasite",
          "parasitic disease",
          "parasitic infection",
          "ectoparasitic disease",
          "parasitemia",
          "disease, parasitic",
          "diseases, parasitic",
          "infestation",
          "parasite infestation",
          "parasitism",
          "parasitosis"
        ],
        "definition": "A successful invasion of a host by an organism that uses the host for food and shelter."
      },
      "child_count": 17,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005135"
    }
  ],
  "children": [
    {
      "id": 2823,
      "label": "acanthocephaliasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:0050254",
          "MEDGEN:548052",
          "SCTID:105713003",
          "UMLS:C0277331",
          "icd11.foundation:1026340475"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Acanthocephala caused disease or disorder",
          "Acanthocephala disease or disorder",
          "Acanthocephala infectious disease",
          "disease caused by Acanthocephala",
          "disease due to Acanthocephala",
          "infection by Acanthocephala",
          "infection by thorny-headed worm"
        ],
        "definition": "An disease or disorder caused by infection with Acanthocephala."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0000295"
    },
    {
      "id": 6446,
      "label": "heterophyiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:882",
          "ICD9:121.6",
          "MEDGEN:508869",
          "NCIT:C128389",
          "SCTID:22905009",
          "UMLS:C0152071",
          "icd11.foundation:322536023"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Heterophyes infection",
          "infections, Heterophyes"
        ],
        "definition": "An infection that is caused by the intestinal fluke Heterophyes heterophyes, which is most commonly found in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0004662"
    },
    {
      "id": 6450,
      "label": "metagonimiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:884",
          "ICD9:121.5",
          "MEDGEN:7564",
          "NCIT:C128390",
          "SCTID:37832003",
          "UMLS:C0025530",
          "icd11.foundation:844727447"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Metagonimus yokogawai infection",
          "infection by Metagonimus yokogawai",
          "infections, Metagonimus yokogawai"
        ],
        "definition": "An infection that is most commonly caused by the intestinal fluke Metagonimus yokogawai, which is most commonly found in the Far East, and which is transmitted via consumption of contaminated raw or undercooked fish. Symptoms typically range from asymptomatic to intermittent abdominal pain and diarrhea, with occasional ectopic infection."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0004666"
    },
    {
      "id": 6452,
      "label": "fascioliasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:885",
          "EFO:1001324",
          "ICD10CM:B66.3",
          "ICD9:121.3",
          "MEDGEN:41969",
          "MESH:D005211",
          "NCIT:C128387",
          "SCTID:82308007",
          "UMLS:C0015652",
          "icd11.foundation:656408831"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Fasciolosis",
          "infection by fasciola",
          "sheep liver fluke infection"
        ],
        "definition": "A parasitic infection that is caused by liver flukes, usually Fasciola hepatica, of sheep, goats, and cattle. Humans become infected by eating uncooked, infested aquatic vegetation (classically watercress). adult flukes inhabit the bile ducts, gallbladder, and occasionally ectopic sites. Symptoms arise secondary to inflammatory response or obstruction."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0004668"
    },
    {
      "id": 6456,
      "label": "fasciolopsiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:888",
          "GARD:0024083",
          "ICD10CM:B66.5",
          "ICD9:121.4",
          "MEDGEN:5125",
          "NCIT:C128388",
          "Orphanet:658909",
          "SCTID:54266002",
          "UMLS:C0015656",
          "icd11.foundation:830824191"
        ],
        "definition": "A small bowel infection that is caused by Fasciolopsis buski, which is endemic in the Far East and Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of raw or undercooked aquatic plants. The spectrum of manifestations range from asymptomatic to intestinal symptoms from local invasion or allergic response."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0004672"
    },
    {
      "id": 6526,
      "label": "monieziasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:931",
          "MEDGEN:6424",
          "MESH:D008989",
          "UMLS:C0026414"
        ],
        "definition": "Infection of ruminants with tapeworms of the genus Moniezia."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0004755"
    },
    {
      "id": 7334,
      "label": "clonorchiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:13767",
          "EFO:0007210",
          "GARD:0024222",
          "ICD10CM:B66.1",
          "ICD9:121.1",
          "MEDGEN:3119",
          "MESH:D003003",
          "Orphanet:658917",
          "SCTID:11938002",
          "UMLS:C0009021",
          "icd11.foundation:918986134"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Oriental liver fluke disease"
        ],
        "definition": "Infection of the biliary passages with clonorchis sinensis, also called Opisthorchis sinensis. It may lead to inflammation of the biliary tract, proliferation of biliary epithelium, progressive portal fibrosis, and sometimes bile duct carcinoma. Extension to the liver may lead to fatty changes and cirrhosis. (From Dorland, 27th ed)"
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005705"
    },
    {
      "id": 7355,
      "label": "dicrocoeliasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1219",
          "ICD9:121.8",
          "MEDGEN:3813",
          "MESH:D004011",
          "SCTID:105668007",
          "UMLS:C0012102",
          "icd11.foundation:1114361195"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Dicrocoelium caused disease or disorder",
          "Dicrocoelium disease or disorder",
          "Dicrocoelium infectious disease"
        ],
        "definition": "Infection with flukes of the genus Dicrocoelium."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005729"
    },
    {
      "id": 7361,
      "label": "echinostomiasis",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1218",
          "EFO:0007246",
          "ICD9:121.8",
          "MEDGEN:3956",
          "MESH:D004451",
          "SCTID:52918004",
          "UMLS:C0013514",
          "icd11.foundation:342249036"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Echinostomatoidea caused disease or disorder",
          "Echinostomatoidea disease or disorder",
          "Echinostomatoidea infectious disease"
        ],
        "definition": "Infection by flukes of the genus Echinostoma."
      },
      "child_count": 1,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005739"
    },
    {
      "id": 7380,
      "label": "fascioloidiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1217",
          "MEDGEN:8791",
          "MESH:D005213",
          "SCTID:69550000",
          "UMLS:C0015655"
        ],
        "definition": "Infection of cattle and other herbivores with the giant liver fluke Fascioloides magna. It is characterized by extensive destruction of the liver parenchyma."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005759"
    },
    {
      "id": 7396,
      "label": "gnathomiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:11379",
          "EFO:0007289",
          "GARD:0009286",
          "ICD10CM:B83.1",
          "ICD9:128.1",
          "MEDGEN:6651",
          "MESH:D058429",
          "NCIT:C128395",
          "SCTID:44086001",
          "UMLS:C0018013"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Gnathostomiasis",
          "Gnathostoma infection"
        ],
        "definition": "An infection that is caused by nematodes of the genus Gnathostoma, which is commonly found in Southeast Asia, and which is transmitted via the consumption of contaminated raw/undercooked birds, eels, fish, frogs, or reptiles. The pattern of symptoms is species-dependent, and extraintestinal manifestations are due to larval migration (e.g., pulmonary infiltrates, eosinophilic meningitis, or painful, pruritic subcutaneous swellings, and peripheral blood eosinophilia)."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005776"
    },
    {
      "id": 7418,
      "label": "hymenolepiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:10074",
          "EFO:0007317",
          "GARD:0002787",
          "ICD10CM:B71.0",
          "ICD9:123.6",
          "MEDGEN:43772",
          "MESH:D006925",
          "MedDRA:10020546",
          "NCIT:C84768",
          "Orphanet:401",
          "SCTID:44917000",
          "UMLS:C0020413",
          "icd11.foundation:2028864113"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "dwarf tapeworm infection",
          "hymenolepiasis",
          "Hymenolepsis infection"
        ],
        "definition": "A parasitic infection caused by tapeworms. Most infected individuals do not have symptoms. When symptoms appear, they include diarrhea, abdominal pain, restlessness, and irritability."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005802"
    },
    {
      "id": 7477,
      "label": "necatoriasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:2790",
          "EFO:0007390",
          "ICD10CM:B76.1",
          "ICD9:126.9",
          "MEDGEN:10277",
          "MESH:D009332",
          "NCIT:C34838",
          "SCTID:36667009",
          "UMLS:C0027528",
          "icd11.foundation:652000933"
        ],
        "definition": "A disorder caused by an infection with hookworms of the genus Necator, which settle in the host's small intestine, and cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, weight loss, and anemia."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005870"
    },
    {
      "id": 7478,
      "label": "Nematoda infectious disease",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "EFO:0007391",
          "MEDGEN:45025",
          "MESH:D009349",
          "SCTID:84706005",
          "UMLS:C0027583"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Nematoda caused disease or disorder",
          "Nematoda disease or disorder",
          "disease due to nematoda",
          "Disease due to Nematoda",
          "Infection, Nematode",
          "Infections, Nematode",
          "Nematode Infection",
          "Nematode Infections",
          "Nematode infection",
          "Nematodiasis",
          "nematode infection",
          "nematodiasis"
        ],
        "definition": "Infections caused by nematode larvae which never develop into the adult stage and migrate through various body tissues. They commonly infect the skin, eyes, and viscera in humans. Ancylostoma brasiliensis causes cutaneous larva migrans. Toxocara causes visceral larva migrans."
      },
      "child_count": 2,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005871"
    },
    {
      "id": 7489,
      "label": "opisthorchiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:13768",
          "EFO:0007404",
          "ICD10CM:B66.0",
          "ICD9:121.0",
          "MEDGEN:10453",
          "MESH:D009889",
          "SCTID:1059007",
          "UMLS:C0029106",
          "icd11.foundation:1401769984"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "infection by Opisthorchis",
          "infection due to Opisthorchis (felineus)(viverrini)",
          "infection due to cat liver fluke"
        ],
        "definition": "Infection with flukes of the genus Opisthorchis."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005884"
    },
    {
      "id": 7499,
      "label": "paragonimiasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:10699",
          "EFO:0007418",
          "GARD:0009815",
          "ICD10CM:B66.4",
          "ICD9:121.2",
          "MEDGEN:14603",
          "MESH:D010237",
          "NCIT:C84995",
          "Orphanet:658913",
          "SCTID:30369007",
          "UMLS:C0030424",
          "icd11.foundation:1422824299"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Paragonimus westermani caused disease or disorder",
          "Paragonimus westermani disease or disorder",
          "Paragonimus westermani infectious disease",
          "infection by Paragonimus",
          "lung fluke disease",
          "lung fluke infection",
          "pulmonary paragonimiasis",
          "Paragonimus westermani infection"
        ],
        "definition": "A parasitic infection caused by trematodes of the Paragonimus genus. Humans are infected from ingestion of raw or undercooked food. It results in chronic lung infection and eosinophilia."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005895"
    },
    {
      "id": 7585,
      "label": "trichostrongyloidiasis",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1255",
          "MEDGEN:11907",
          "MESH:D014252",
          "UMLS:C0040947"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Trichostrongyloidea caused disease or disorder",
          "Trichostrongyloidea disease or disorder",
          "Trichostrongyloidea infectious disease"
        ],
        "definition": "Infection by roundworms of the superfamily trichostrongyloidea, including the genera trichostrongylus; ostertagia; Cooperia, haemonchus; Nematodirus, Hyostrongylus, and dictyocaulus."
      },
      "child_count": 3,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005994"
    },
    {
      "id": 16140,
      "label": "schistosomiasis",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448,
        23869
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1395",
          "EFO:1001475",
          "GARD:0009687",
          "ICD10CM:B65",
          "ICD9:120.8",
          "ICD9:120.9",
          "MEDGEN:48573",
          "MESH:D012552",
          "MedDRA:10039603",
          "NCIT:C35000",
          "Orphanet:1247",
          "SCTID:10087007",
          "UMLS:C0036323",
          "icd11.foundation:1194562592"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Bilharzia",
          "bilharziasis",
          "schistosomiasis",
          "snail fever"
        ],
        "definition": "An infectious disease caused by parasitic trematodes of the genus Schistosoma that colonize human blood vessels and release eggs that can cause granulomatous reactions leading to acute (swimmer's itch or acute schistosomiasis syndrome) or chronic disease. Depending on where the eggs lodge, manifestations of chronic schistosomiasis can include diarrhea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, anemia (intestines), hepatosplenism, periportal fibrosis with portal hypertension (liver), urogenital inflammation and scarring, hematuria and dysuria (genitourinary system). Other patients may be asymptomatic."
      },
      "child_count": 14,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0015254"
    },
    {
      "id": 16705,
      "label": "filariasis",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1080",
          "GARD:0018757",
          "ICD10CM:B74",
          "ICD10WHO:B74",
          "ICD9:125.9",
          "MEDGEN:4706",
          "MESH:D005368",
          "MedDRA:10016674",
          "NCIT:C34611",
          "NORD:1148",
          "Orphanet:2034",
          "SCTID:105706003",
          "UMLS:C0016085",
          "icd11.foundation:1975325075"
        ],
        "definition": "A parasitic disease caused by tissue-invasive, vector-borne nematodes which can be found anywhere in the human body and that are transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito or fly or by consumption of unsafe drinking water and which, depending on the subtype can manifest with lymphedema, dermatitis, subcutaneous edema and eye involvement. The disorder is a major public health problem in many tropical and subtropical countries. Six subtypes have been described in the literature: lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis, loiasis, mansonelliasis, dirofilariasis and dracunculiasis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti and filarioidea of the genus Brugia; Onchocerca volvulus; Loa loa; Mansonella; Dirofilaria; and Dracunculus medinensis, respectively. Tropical eosinophilia is considered a frequent manifestation."
      },
      "child_count": 7,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0016075"
    },
    {
      "id": 19021,
      "label": "angiostrongyliasis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:0050256",
          "GARD:0000683",
          "ICD9:128.8",
          "MEDGEN:98230",
          "MESH:C536369",
          "MedDRA:10069517",
          "NCIT:C128394",
          "Orphanet:74",
          "SCTID:61750000",
          "UMLS:C0392662",
          "icd11.foundation:1768378720"
        ],
        "definition": "A foodborne zoonotic disease, endemic to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands, caused by the rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis and that is acquired by the ingestion of the infective larvae on vegetables or in raw or undercooked snails, slugs, land crabs, freshwater shrimps, frogs and lizards. The main feature is eosinophilic meningitis, with clinical manifestations including fever, headache, malaise, fatigue, vomiting, rhinorrhea, blurred vision, diplopia, cough, stiff neck, enteritis, constipation and paraesthesia due to the movement of the worms from the intestines to the lungs, central nervous system and eyes. In severe cases without treatment, coma and death can occur."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0019143"
    },
    {
      "id": 21310,
      "label": "intestinal helminthiasis",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448,
        21309
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "MEDGEN:87591",
          "MESH:C531698",
          "SCTID:26249004",
          "UMLS:C0348287"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "intestine parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A parasitic helminthiasis infectious disease that involves the intestine."
      },
      "child_count": 6,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0024271"
    },
    {
      "id": 23062,
      "label": "Cestode infectious disease",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6448
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "ICD9:123.8",
          "ICD9:123.9",
          "MESH:D002590",
          "SCTID:86133004"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "Cestoda caused disease or disorder",
          "Cestoda disease or disorder",
          "Cestoda infectious disease",
          "cestode infection",
          "Bertielliases",
          "Bertielliasis",
          "Cenuriases",
          "Cenuriasis",
          "Cestodiasis",
          "Cestodosis",
          "Coenuriases",
          "Coenuriasis",
          "Dipylidiases",
          "Dipylidiasis",
          "Raillietiniases",
          "Raillietiniasis",
          "cestode infestation",
          "disease due to Cestoda",
          "infection, cestode",
          "infection, tapeworm",
          "infections, cestode",
          "infections, tapeworm",
          "tapeworm infection",
          "tapeworm infections"
        ],
        "definition": "Infections with true tapeworms of the helminth subclass Cestoda."
      },
      "child_count": 5,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0042488"
    }
  ],
  "roots": [
    {
      "id": 6859,
      "label": "parasitic infectious disease"
    }
  ]
}