{ "id": 6734, "label": "carcinoma", "model": { "label": "Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO)", "source": 0 }, "type_id": 0, "reference_id": "MONDO:0004993", "properties": { "xrefs": [ "CSP:2000-1867", "DOID:305", "EFO:0000313", "ICDO:8010/3", "ICDO:8011/3", "MEDGEN:2867", "MESH:D002277", "NCIT:C2916", "SCTID:722688002", "UMLS:C0007097" ], "synonyms": [ "epithelioma", "Other carcinoma", "carcinoma", "carcinoma, malignant", "epithelial carcinoma", "epithelioma malignant", "malignant epithelial neoplasm", "malignant epithelial tumor", "malignant epithelial tumour", "malignant epithelioma" ], "definition": "A malignant tumor arising from epithelial cells. Carcinomas that arise from glandular epithelium are called adenocarcinomas, those that arise from squamous epithelium are called squamous cell carcinomas, and those that arise from transitional epithelium are called transitional cell carcinomas. Morphologically, the malignant epithelial cells may display abnormal mitotic figures, anaplasia, and necrosis. Carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Carcinomas invade the surrounding tissues and tend to metastasize to other anatomic sites. Lung carcinoma, skin carcinoma, breast carcinoma, colon carcinoma, and prostate carcinoma are the most frequently seen carcinomas." }, "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "child_count": 49, "parents": [ { "id": 6733, "label": "cancer", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6798 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:0050686", "DOID:0050687", "DOID:162", "ICD9:195.8", "ICD9:199", "ICD9:199.1", "ICDO:8000/3", "MEDGEN:14297", "NCIT:C9305", "ONCOTREE:MT", "SCTID:363346000", "UMLS:C0006826", "birnlex:406" ], "synonyms": [ "CA", "cancer", "cell type cancer", "malignancy", "malignant growth", "malignant neoplasm", "malignant neoplasm (disease)", "malignant neoplastic disease", "malignant tumor", "malignant tumour", "neoplasm (disease), malignant", "neoplasm, malignant", "MT" ], "definition": "A tumor composed of atypical neoplastic, often pleomorphic cells that invade other tissues. Malignant neoplasms often metastasize to distant anatomic sites and may recur after excision. The most common malignant neoplasms are carcinomas (adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas), Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas, leukemias, melanomas, and sarcomas." }, "child_count": 33, "reference_id": "MONDO:0004992" }, { "id": 7265, "label": "epithelial neoplasm", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6798 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "EFO:0006858", "MEDGEN:277963", "MESH:D009375", "NCIT:C3709", "SCTID:118285006", "UMLS:C1368683" ], "synonyms": [ "epithelial neoplasm", "epithelioma" ], "definition": "A benign or malignant neoplasm that arises from and is composed of epithelial cells. This category include adenomas, papillomas, and carcinomas." }, "child_count": 24, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005626" } ], "children": [ { "id": 3710, "label": "retroperitoneum carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 7537 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:12342", "MEDGEN:215301", "NCIT:C7352", "UMLS:C0948749" ], "synonyms": [ "retroperitoneal cancer", "carcinoma of retroperitoneal space", "carcinoma of retroperitoneum", "carcinoma of the retroperitoneum", "retroperitoneal carcinoma", "retroperitoneal space carcinoma" ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the retroperitoneal space." }, "child_count": 2, "reference_id": "MONDO:0001502" }, { "id": 4185, "label": "head and neck carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 7266 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:1542", "MEDGEN:854345", "NCIT:C35850", "UMLS:C3887461" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma of craniocervical region", "carcinoma of head and neck", "carcinoma of neck", "carcinoma of the head and neck", "craniocervical region carcinoma", "head and neck carcinoma", "neck carcinoma", "carcinoma of the neck", "head and neck cancer" ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from the head and neck region. Representative examples include oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and salivary gland carcinoma." }, "child_count": 32, "reference_id": "MONDO:0002038" }, { "id": 4249, "label": "peritoneal carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4227, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:1791", "MEDGEN:756216", "SCTID:447781009", "UMLS:C3163804" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma of peritoneum", "peritoneum carcinoma", "primary peritoneal carcinoma" ], "definition": "A peritoneum cancer that is located in the inside of the abdomen." }, "child_count": 6, "reference_id": "MONDO:0002113" }, { "id": 4255, "label": "neuroendocrine carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 19314, 20310 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:1800", "GARD:0023067", "ICDO:8246/3", "MEDGEN:104919", "MESH:D018278", "NCIT:C3773", "SCTID:253000007", "UMLS:C0206695" ], "synonyms": [ "NEC", "neuroendocrine cancer", "neuroendocrine carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005151", "name": "endocrine system disorder" } ], "definition": "A malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm composed of cells containing secretory granules that stain positive for NSE and chromogranin. The neoplastic cells are often round and form clusters or trabecular sheets. Representative examples are small cell carcinoma, large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, and Merkel cell carcinoma." }, "child_count": 36, "reference_id": "MONDO:0002120" }, { "id": 4457, "label": "laryngeal carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4451, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:2600", "GARD:0006862", "MEDGEN:108889", "NCIT:C4855", "SCTID:276975007", "UMLS:C0595989" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of larynx", "cancer of the larynx", "laryngeal cancer", "laryngeal throat cancer", "carcinoma of larynx", "carcinoma of the larynx", "laryngeal carcinoma", "larynx carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005087", "name": "respiratory system disorder" } ], "definition": "Carcinoma that arises from the laryngeal epithelium. More than 90% of laryngeal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas. The remainder are adenoid cystic carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas and carcinomas with neuroendocrine differentiation." }, "child_count": 16, "reference_id": "MONDO:0002358" }, { "id": 4505, "label": "bone carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4262, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:2762", "GARD:0023132" ], "synonyms": [ "bone element carcinoma", "carcinoma of bone element" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0002081", "name": "musculoskeletal system disorder" }, { "ref": "MONDO:0003900", "name": "connective tissue disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that involves the bone element." }, "child_count": 14, "reference_id": "MONDO:0002415" }, { "id": 4552, "label": "carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4477, 6734, 7464 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "ICDO:8941/3", "MEDGEN:87486", "NCIT:C4397", "UMLS:C0344460" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma", "carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (morphologic abnormality)", "carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma" ], "definition": "A carcinoma arising in a pre-existing pleomorphic adenoma. It most often occurs in the parotid gland and less often in the submandibular gland and minor salivary gland. Patients usually present with a history of a long-standing mass which recently had undergone rapid growth. The prognosis depends on the invasiveness of the malignant component. Patients with non-invasive or minimally invasive tumors usually have a good prognosis following surgical resection. Invasive tumors are usually aggressive and are associated with recurrences and metastases." }, "child_count": 6, "reference_id": "MONDO:0002472" }, { "id": 4701, "label": "scrotal carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 20351 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:3445", "MEDGEN:235088", "NCIT:C6389", "UMLS:C1370468" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of scrotum", "cancer of the scrotum", "scrotal cancer", "carcinoma of scrotum", "carcinoma of the scrotum", "scrotum carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005039", "name": "reproductive system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the scrotum." }, "child_count": 6, "reference_id": "MONDO:0002650" }, { "id": 4707, "label": "skin carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4907, 6734, 20690 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:3451", "EFO:0009259", "MEDGEN:195945", "NCIT:C4914", "UMLS:C0699893" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma of skin", "carcinoma of the skin", "carcinoma of zone of skin", "non-melanoma cancer of skin", "non-melanoma cancer of the skin", "non-melanoma skin cancer", "nonmelanoma skin cancer", "skin cancer, non-melanoma", "skin carcinoma", "zone of skin carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0002051", "name": "integumentary system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the zone of skin" }, "child_count": 39, "reference_id": "MONDO:0002656" }, { "id": 5127, "label": "malignant myoepithelioma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4477, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:4838", "GARD:0027633", "ICDO:8982/3", "MEDGEN:90822", "NCIT:C7596", "ONCOTREE:STMYEC", "UMLS:C0334699" ], "synonyms": [ "malignant myoepithelioma", "myoepithelial carcinoma", "myoepithelioma, malignant", "myoepithelioma carcinoma", "soft tissue myoepithelial carcinoma" ], "definition": "An infiltrating malignant tumor characterized by the presence of atypical cells with myoepithelial differentiation. Representative examples include malignant breast myoepithelioma and salivary gland myoepithelial carcinoma." }, "child_count": 2, "reference_id": "MONDO:0003158" }, { "id": 5144, "label": "trachea carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 3628, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:4876", "EFO:1000599", "MEDGEN:315650", "NCIT:C9347", "UMLS:C1744708" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of trachea", "trachea cancer", "cancer of the trachea", "carcinoma of the trachea", "carcinoma of trachea", "trachea carcinoma", "tracheal carcinoma", "Pancoast's tumour" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005087", "name": "respiratory system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the trachea." }, "child_count": 6, "reference_id": "MONDO:0003184" }, { "id": 5321, "label": "epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:5309", "GARD:0027639", "ICDO:8562/3", "MEDGEN:90776", "NCIT:C4199", "ONCOTREE:EMYOCA", "UMLS:C0334392" ], "synonyms": [ "epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma", "EMYOCA" ], "definition": "A malignant neoplasm which occurs mostly in the major salivary glands (most frequently in the parotid gland), but also in the minor salivary glands of the oral mucosa and the tracheobronchial tree. It is characterized by the presence of ductal structures which are lined by an inner layer of cuboidal epithelial-type cells and an outer layer of myoepithelial cells with clear or eosinophilic cytoplasm." }, "child_count": 2, "reference_id": "MONDO:0003389" }, { "id": 5470, "label": "lipid-rich carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:5658", "ICDO:8314/3", "MEDGEN:137742", "NCIT:C4152", "UMLS:C0334318" ], "synonyms": [ "lipid-rich carcinoma", "lipid-rich carcinoma (morphologic abnormality)" ], "definition": "A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with clear cytoplasm which contains neutral lipids. A representative example is the lipid-rich breast carcinoma." }, "child_count": 1, "reference_id": "MONDO:0003570" }, { "id": 5474, "label": "comedocarcinoma", "isLeaf": true, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:5670", "ICDO:8501/3", "MEDGEN:90773", "NCIT:C4188", "UMLS:C0334370" ], "synonyms": [ "Comedocarcinoma" ], "definition": "A high grade carcinoma characterized by the presence of comedo-type of tumor cell necrosis in which the necrotic areas are surrounded by a solid proliferation of malignant pleomorphic cells." }, "child_count": 0, "reference_id": "MONDO:0003575" }, { "id": 6433, "label": "in situ carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 20078, 20315 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:8719", "ICD9:230-234", "ICD9:234.8", "ICD9:234.9", "ICDO:8010/2", "MEDGEN:763", "MESH:D002278", "NCIT:C2917", "SCTID:109355002", "UMLS:C0007099" ], "synonyms": [ "CIS", "carcinoma in situ", "carcinoma, in situ, malignant", "epithelial tumor, in situ, malignant", "intraepithelial carcinoma", "non-invasive carcinoma", "stage 0 disease" ], "definition": "A malignant epithelial neoplasm which is confined to the epithelial layer without evidence of further tissue invasion." }, "child_count": 63, "reference_id": "MONDO:0004647" }, { "id": 6712, "label": "adenocarcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 21312 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "CSP:2000-0386", "DOID:299", "EFO:0000228", "ICDO:8140/3", "MEDGEN:122", "MESH:D000230", "NCIT:C2852", "ONCOTREE:ADNOS", "SCTID:443961001", "UMLS:C0001418" ], "synonyms": [ "adenocarcinoma", "adenocarcinoma NOS (morphologic abnormality)", "adenocarcinoma, malignant", "adenocarcinoma, no subtype (morphologic abnormality)", "adenocarcinomas", "ADNOS" ], "definition": "A common cancer characterized by the presence of malignant glandular cells. Morphologically, adenocarcinomas are classified according to the growth pattern (e.g., papillary, alveolar) or according to the secreting product (e.g., mucinous, serous). Representative examples of adenocarcinoma are ductal and lobular breast carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma), colon adenocarcinoma, and prostate adenocarcinoma." }, "child_count": 128, "reference_id": "MONDO:0004970" }, { "id": 6727, "label": "urinary bladder carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 3431, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:4007", "HP:0002862", "MEDGEN:147071", "NCIT:C4912", "SCTID:255108000", "UMLS:C0699885" ], "synonyms": [ "bladder cancer", "cancer of bladder", "cancer of the bladder", "cancer of the urinary bladder", "cancer of urinary bladder", "urinary bladder cancer", "bladder carcinoma", "carcinoma bladder", "carcinoma of bladder", "carcinoma of the bladder", "carcinoma of the urinary bladder", "carcinoma of urinary bladder", "urinary bladder carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0002118", "name": "urinary system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the urinary bladder" }, "child_count": 18, "reference_id": "MONDO:0004986" }, { "id": 6730, "label": "breast carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 8659 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:3459", "EFO:0000305", "HP:0003002", "MEDGEN:146260", "NCIT:C4872", "SCTID:254838004", "UMLS:C0678222" ], "synonyms": [ "breast cancer", "breast cancer, NOS", "cancer of breast", "cancer of the breast", "cancer, breast", "breast carcinoma", "carcinoma of breast", "carcinoma of the breast", "mammary carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0002657", "name": "breast disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the breast" }, "child_count": 26, "reference_id": "MONDO:0004989" }, { "id": 6823, "label": "squamous cell carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4600, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:1749", "EFO:0000707", "ICDO:8070/3", "MEDGEN:2874", "MESH:D002294", "NCIT:C2929", "SCTID:402815007", "UMLS:C0007137" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma, squamous cell, malignant", "epidermoid carcinoma", "epidermoid cell cancer", "malignant epidermoid cell neoplasm", "malignant epidermoid cell tumor", "malignant epidermoid cell tumour", "malignant squamous cell neoplasm", "malignant squamous cell tumor", "malignant squamous cell tumour", "squamous carcinoma", "squamous cell cancer", "squamous cell carcinoma", "squamous cell carcinoma (morphologic abnormality)", "squamous cell carcinoma NOS (morphologic abnormality)", "squamous cell epithelioma" ], "definition": "A carcinoma arising from squamous epithelial cells. Morphologically, it is characterized by the proliferation of atypical, often pleomorphic squamous cells. Squamous cell carcinomas are graded by the degree of cellular differentiation as well, moderately, or poorly differentiated. Well differentiated carcinomas are usually associated with keratin production and the presence of intercellular bridges between adjacent cells. Representative examples are lung squamous cell carcinoma, skin squamous cell carcinoma, and cervical squamous cell carcinoma." }, "child_count": 78, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005096" }, { "id": 6862, "label": "lung carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 10167 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:3905", "EFO:0001071", "MEDGEN:195765", "NCIT:C4878", "UMLS:C0684249", "icd11.foundation:947165291" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of lung", "cancer of the lung", "lung cancer", "lung cancer, NOS", "carcinoma of lung", "carcinoma of the lung", "lung carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005087", "name": "respiratory system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the lung" }, "child_count": 20, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005138" }, { "id": 6882, "label": "prostate carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 9621 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:10286", "EFO:0001663", "MEDGEN:108657", "NCIT:C4863", "UMLS:C0600139" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma of prostate", "carcinoma of prostate gland", "carcinoma of the prostate", "prostate carcinoma", "prostate gland carcinoma", "cancer of prostate", "cancer of the prostate", "prostate cancer", "prostate cancer, NOS" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005039", "name": "reproductive system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the prostate gland." }, "child_count": 18, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005159" }, { "id": 6923, "label": "renal carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4465, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:4451", "EFO:0002890", "MEDGEN:235133", "NCIT:C9384", "UMLS:C1378703", "icd11.foundation:1075394530" ], "synonyms": [ "kidney (including renal cell) cancer", "kidney (renal) cancer", "kidney cancer", "renal cancer", "carcinoma of kidney", "kidney carcinoma", "renal carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0002118", "name": "urinary system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma arising from the epithelium of the renal parenchyma or the renal pelvis. The majority are renal cell carcinomas. Kidney carcinomas usually affect middle aged and elderly adults. Hematuria, abdominal pain, and a palpable mass are common symptoms." }, "child_count": 6, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005206" }, { "id": 6929, "label": "uterine carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4754, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "EFO:0002919", "MEDGEN:755620", "SCTID:446022000", "UMLS:C2960452" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma of uterus", "uterus carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005039", "name": "reproductive system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma involving a uterus." }, "child_count": 18, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005213" }, { "id": 6931, "label": "vulvar carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 3735, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:1294", "EFO:0002921", "GARD:0009349", "MEDGEN:146159", "NCIT:C4866", "Orphanet:494418", "SCTID:447882007", "UMLS:C0677055" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of the vulva", "cancer of vulva", "vulva cancer", "vulvar cancer", "carcinoma of mammalian vulva", "carcinoma of the vulva", "carcinoma of vulva", "mammalian vulva carcinoma", "vulva carcinoma", "vulvar carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005039", "name": "reproductive system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the mammalian vulva" }, "child_count": 18, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005215" }, { "id": 6943, "label": "large cell carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:4552", "ICDO:8012/3", "MEDGEN:61665", "MESH:D018287", "NCIT:C3780", "UMLS:C0206704" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma, large cell", "large cell carcinoma" ], "definition": "A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of large, atypical cells." }, "child_count": 5, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005232" }, { "id": 7257, "label": "undifferentiated carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "EFO:0006772", "ICDO:8020/3", "ICDO:8021/3", "MEDGEN:60010", "NCIT:C3692", "UMLS:C0205698" ], "synonyms": [ "anaplastic carcinoma", "carcinoma, undifferentiated", "carcinoma, undifferentiated, malignant", "undifferentiated carcinoma" ], "definition": "A usually aggressive malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of atypical cells which do not display evidence of glandular, squamous, or transitional cell differentiation." }, "child_count": 14, "reference_id": "MONDO:0005617" }, { "id": 7673, "label": "basaloid carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "EFO:1000105", "ICDO:8123/3", "MEDGEN:316439", "NCIT:C4121", "UMLS:C1704216" ], "synonyms": [ "basaloid carcinoma" ], "definition": "A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of neoplastic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, small amount of cytoplasm, and peripheral nuclear palisading." }, "child_count": 2, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006102" }, { "id": 7734, "label": "cribriform carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "EFO:1000210", "ICDO:8201/3", "MEDGEN:104694", "NCIT:C3680", "UMLS:C0205643" ], "synonyms": [ "cribriform carcinoma" ], "definition": "A carcinoma characterized by the presence of a cribriform architectural pattern. Representative examples include the intraductal cribriform breast carcinoma and invasive cribriform breast carcinoma." }, "child_count": 2, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006176" }, { "id": 7738, "label": "digestive system carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4587, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:0050922", "EFO:1000218", "HP:0002672", "MEDGEN:57467", "NCIT:C96963", "UMLS:C0151544" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma of digestive system", "carcinoma of the gastrointestinal system", "digestive system carcinoma", "gastrointestinal carcinoma", "gastrointestinal carcinoma (disease)", "gastrointestinal system carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0004335", "name": "digestive system disorder" } ], "definition": "A malignant neoplasm that arises from the epithelium of any part of the digestive system. Representative examples include colorectal carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, and pancreatic carcinoma." }, "child_count": 32, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006181" }, { "id": 7759, "label": "fallopian tube carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4286, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:1963", "EFO:1000251", "GARD:0024329", "MEDGEN:66762", "NCIT:C3867", "SCTID:276870001", "UMLS:C0238122" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of fallopian tube", "cancer of the fallopian tube", "fallopian tube cancer", "carcinoma of fallopian tube", "carcinoma of the fallopian tube", "fallopian tube carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005039", "name": "reproductive system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the fallopian tube." }, "child_count": 12, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006206" }, { "id": 7886, "label": "penile carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 3554, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:3449", "EFO:1000465", "GARD:0024383", "MEDGEN:208877", "NCIT:C9061", "SCTID:372106005", "UMLS:C0853105" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of penis", "cancer of the penis", "cancer penis", "penile cancer", "carcinoma of penis", "carcinoma of the penis", "penile carcinoma", "penis carcinoma", "penile cancer, adult" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005039", "name": "reproductive system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the penis" }, "child_count": 6, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006360" }, { "id": 7925, "label": "sarcomatoid carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 20048, 20076 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:4015", "EFO:1000520", "ICDO:8032/3", "ICDO:8033/3", "MEDGEN:60009", "NCIT:C27004", "UMLS:C0205697" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma, spindle cell, malignant", "pseudosarcomatous carcinoma", "sarcomatoid carcinoma", "spindle cell carcinoma", "spindle cell carcinoma (morphologic abnormality)" ], "definition": "A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by the presence of spindle cells and anaplastic morphologic features. Giant cells and a sarcomatous component may also be present." }, "child_count": 24, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006406" }, { "id": 7956, "label": "thymic carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4646, 6734, 18240 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:3284", "DOID:4554", "EFO:1000576", "GARD:0019695", "ICDO:8586/3", "MEDGEN:60049", "MedDRA:10061031", "NANDO:2200079", "NCIT:C7569", "NCIT:C7612", "ONCOTREE:THYC", "Orphanet:99868", "SCTID:444374006", "UMLS:C0205969", "icd11.foundation:1351671383" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma of thymus", "malignant thymoma", "thymic carcinoma", "thymic carcinoma (excluding well differentiated thymic carcinoma)", "thymic carcinoma excluding well differentiated thymic carcinoma", "thymoma type C", "thymoma, malignant", "thymoma, malignant (morphologic abnormality)", "thymoma, type C (morphologic abnormality)", "thymus carcinoma", "type C thymoma", "THYC" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005046", "name": "immune system disorder" }, { "ref": "MONDO:0005151", "name": "endocrine system disorder" }, { "ref": "MONDO:0005570", "name": "hematologic disorder" } ], "definition": "Thymic carcinoma (TC) is a type of thymic epithelial neoplasm characterized by a high malignant potential." }, "child_count": 27, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006451" }, { "id": 7972, "label": "transitional cell carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:2671", "EFO:1000601", "GARD:0007794", "ICDO:8120/3", "MEDGEN:2875", "MESH:D002295", "NCIT:C2930", "UMLS:C0007138" ], "synonyms": [ "transitional cell neoplasm", "transitional cell tumor", "transitional cell tumour", "carcinoma of transitional epithelial cell", "carcinoma of urothelial cell", "carcinoma, urothelial, malignant", "transitional carcinoma", "transitional cell carcinoma", "transitional epithelial cell carcinoma", "urothelial cell carcinoma" ], "definition": "A malignant neoplasm arising from the transitional epithelium, usually affecting the urinary bladder, ureter, or renal pelvis. It may or may not have a papillary configuration. It is graded 1 to 3 or 4 according to the degree of cellular differentiation and architectural patterns. Grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma is histologically benign but it may recur. Transitional cell carcinomas may also affect the upper respiratory tract and the ovaries." }, "child_count": 9, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006474" }, { "id": 7978, "label": "ureter carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 9910 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:4939", "EFO:1000609", "MEDGEN:109002", "NCIT:C8993", "SCTID:448864006", "UMLS:C0600079" ], "synonyms": [ "ureter cancer", "carcinoma of the ureter", "carcinoma of ureter", "ureter carcinoma", "ureteral carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0002118", "name": "urinary system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from epithelial cells of the ureter." }, "child_count": 12, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006481" }, { "id": 8000, "label": "papillary carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 20336 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:3113", "EFO:1000646", "ICDO:8050/3", "MEDGEN:40105", "MESH:D002291", "NCIT:C2927", "UMLS:C0007133" ], "synonyms": [ "papillary carcinoma", "papillary carcinoma (morphologic abnormality)", "papillary carcinoma NOS (morphologic abnormality)" ], "definition": "A malignant epithelial neoplasm characterized by a papillary growth pattern. A papillary carcinoma may be composed of glandular cells (papillary adenocarcinoma), squamous cells (papillary squamous cell carcinoma), or transitional cells (papillary transitional cell carcinoma). Bladder carcinoma is a representative example of papillary transitional cell carcinoma." }, "child_count": 10, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006509" }, { "id": 8269, "label": "Krebs 2 carcinoma", "isLeaf": true, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "EFO:1001007", "MEDGEN:2842", "MESH:D002287", "UMLS:C0007128" ], "definition": "Carcinoma having known association to krebs2 gene mutation" }, "child_count": 0, "reference_id": "MONDO:0006824" }, { "id": 16049, "label": "thyroid gland carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4245, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:3963", "EFO:0002892", "GARD:0019763", "HP:0002890", "MEDGEN:107811", "MedDRA:10007476", "NANDO:2200074", "NCIT:C4815", "Orphanet:100088", "SCTID:448216007", "UMLS:C0549473" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of the thyroid", "cancer of thyroid", "head and neck cancer, thyroid", "thyroid cancer", "thyroid gland cancer", "carcinoma of the thyroid", "carcinoma of the thyroid gland", "carcinoma of thyroid", "carcinoma of thyroid gland", "thyroid carcinoma", "thyroid gland carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005151", "name": "endocrine system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma arising from the thyroid gland. It is usually an adenocarcinoma and includes the following main subtypes: follicular, papillary, medullary, poorly differentiated, and anaplastic." }, "child_count": 22, "reference_id": "MONDO:0015075" }, { "id": 16597, "label": "vaginal carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 3623, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:0050918", "GARD:0009348", "MEDGEN:82653", "NCIT:C3917", "Orphanet:180247", "UMLS:C0262659" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of the vagina", "cancer of vagina", "vagina cancer", "vaginal cancer", "vaginal cancer, NOS", "vaginal malignant epithelial tumor", "vaginal malignant epithelial tumour", "carcinoma of the vagina", "carcinoma of vagina", "vagina carcinoma", "vaginal carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005039", "name": "reproductive system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma arising from the vaginal epithelium. The majority of vaginal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas." }, "child_count": 4, "reference_id": "MONDO:0015867" }, { "id": 17176, "label": "choroid plexus carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4728, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:5648", "GARD:0008238", "ICDO:9390/3", "MEDGEN:96557", "MESH:C562943", "MedDRA:10067478", "NCIT:C4715", "ONCOTREE:CPC", "Orphanet:251899", "SCTID:188292007", "UMLS:C0431109", "icd11.foundation:1128449352" ], "synonyms": [ "cancer of choroid plexus", "cancer of the choroid plexus", "choroid plexus cancer", "malignant neoplasm of choroid plexus", "malignant neoplasm of the choroid plexus", "malignant tumor of choroid plexus", "malignant tumour of choroid plexus", "anaplastic choroid plexus papilloma", "carcinoma of choroid plexus", "carcinoma of the choroid plexus", "carcinoma, choroid plexus, malignant", "choroid plexus carcinoma", "choroid plexus carcinoma (morphologic abnormality)" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0004995", "name": "cardiovascular disorder" }, { "ref": "MONDO:0005071", "name": "nervous system disorder" } ], "definition": "A malignant neoplasm arising from the choroid plexus. It shows anaplastic features and usually invades neighboring brain structures. Cerebrospinal fluid metastases are frequent. (Adapted from WHO)" }, "child_count": 2, "reference_id": "MONDO:0016718" }, { "id": 18447, "label": "malignant epithelial tumor of ovary", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 4347, 6734, 9481 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:2151", "GARD:0009362", "MEDGEN:577291", "MESH:C538090", "NCIT:C40026", "Orphanet:398934", "SCTID:254849005", "UMLS:C0346161" ], "synonyms": [ "epithelial cancer of ovary", "malignant ovarian epithelial tumor", "malignant ovarian epithelial tumour", "malignant ovarian surface epithelial-stromal neoplasm", "malignant ovarian surface epithelial-stromal tumor", "malignant ovarian surface epithelial-stromal tumour", "ovarian epithelial cancer", "ovarian epithelial tumor, malignant", "ovarian malignant epithelial tumor", "ovarian malignant epithelial tumour", "ovarian stromal cancer" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005039", "name": "reproductive system disorder" }, { "ref": "MONDO:0005151", "name": "endocrine system disorder" } ], "definition": "An invasive malignant tumor that originates from the surface epithelium of the ovary. It is composed of malignant epithelial cells and stroma. Representative examples include serous adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, and malignant Brenner tumor." }, "child_count": 18, "reference_id": "MONDO:0018364" }, { "id": 20031, "label": "mucin-producing carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 21367 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "MEDGEN:87225", "NCIT:C27825", "UMLS:C0334368" ], "synonyms": [ "mucin-producing carcinoma" ] }, "child_count": 4, "reference_id": "MONDO:0020596" }, { "id": 20201, "label": "basal cell carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 20198 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "EFO:0004193", "MEDGEN:2870", "MESH:D002280", "NCIT:C156767", "NCIT:C7586", "UMLS:C0007117" ], "synonyms": [ "basal cell cancer", "epithelioma, basal cell", "malignant basal cell neoplasm" ], "definition": "A carcinoma involving the basal cells." }, "child_count": 2, "reference_id": "MONDO:0020804" }, { "id": 20506, "label": "carcinoma of urethra", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6014, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "GARD:0027891", "MEDGEN:757195", "NCIT:C9106", "SCTID:448954003", "UMLS:C3164789" ], "synonyms": [ "carcinoma of the urethra", "carcinoma of urethra", "urethra carcinoma", "urethral cancer", "urethral carcinoma" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0002118", "name": "urinary system disorder" } ], "definition": "A carcinoma that involves the urethra." }, "child_count": 10, "reference_id": "MONDO:0021327" }, { "id": 20711, "label": "combined carcinoid and adenocarcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "GARD:0005741", "ICDO:8244/3", "ICDO:8245/3", "MEDGEN:83124", "MESH:C538230", "NCIT:C4139", "UMLS:C0334302" ], "synonyms": [ "adenocarcinoid neoplasm", "adenocarcinoid tumor", "adenocarcinoid tumour", "combined carcinoid and adenocarcinoma", "combined carcinoid neoplasm and adenocarcinoma", "combined carcinoid tumor and adenocarcinoma", "combined carcinoid tumour and adenocarcinoma", "composite carcinoid", "composite carcinoid neoplasm", "composite carcinoid tumor", "composite carcinoid tumour", "mixed carcinoid neoplasm", "mixed carcinoid tumor", "mixed carcinoid tumour" ], "definition": "A malignant epithelial neoplasm composed of a mixture of neuroendocrine cells with morphologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of carcinoid tumor and malignant glandular cells." }, "child_count": 1, "reference_id": "MONDO:0021659" }, { "id": 21602, "label": "secondary carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734, 21605 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "MEDGEN:88450", "NCIT:C36310", "UMLS:C0085668" ], "synonyms": [ "secondary carcinoma" ], "definition": "A carcinoma that arises from a pre-existing lower grade epithelial lesion, or as a result of a primary carcinoma that has spread to secondary sites, or due to a complication of a cancer treatment." }, "child_count": 2, "reference_id": "MONDO:0024878" }, { "id": 23004, "label": "invasive carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "MEDGEN:233579", "NCIT:C9480", "UMLS:C1334274" ], "synonyms": [ "invasive carcinoma" ], "definition": "A carcinoma that is not confined to the epithelium, and has spread to the surrounding stroma." }, "child_count": 4, "reference_id": "MONDO:0040677" }, { "id": 23541, "label": "glycogen-rich carcinoma", "isLeaf": false, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:0081028", "MEDGEN:83127", "NCIT:C4153", "UMLS:C0334319" ], "synonyms": [ "Glycogen-rich carcinoma" ], "definition": "A carcinoma characterized by the presence of malignant epithelial cells with abundant clear cytoplasm which contains glycogen. A representative example is the glycogen-rich, clear cell breast carcinoma." }, "child_count": 1, "reference_id": "MONDO:0045055" }, { "id": 25162, "label": "lymph node carcinoma", "isLeaf": true, "isRoot": false, "parents": [ 3334, 6734 ], "type_id": 0, "properties": { "xrefs": [ "DOID:0080618", "GARD:0026582" ], "categories": [ { "ref": "MONDO:0005046", "name": "immune system disorder" }, { "ref": "MONDO:0005570", "name": "hematologic disorder" } ], "definition": "A lymph node cancer that has material basis in abnormally proliferating cells derives from epithelial cells." }, "child_count": 0, "reference_id": "MONDO:0850151" } ], "roots": [ { "id": 6733, "label": "cancer" }, { "id": 7265, "label": "epithelial neoplasm" } ] }