{
  "id": 6752,
  "label": "diabetes mellitus",
  "model": {
    "label": "Mondo Disease Ontology (MONDO)",
    "source": 0
  },
  "type_id": 0,
  "reference_id": "MONDO:0005015",
  "properties": {
    "xrefs": [
      "DOID:9351",
      "EFO:0000400",
      "HP:0000819",
      "ICD10CM:E08-E13",
      "ICD10WHO:E10-E14",
      "ICD9:250",
      "MEDGEN:8350",
      "MESH:D003920",
      "NANDO:2100157",
      "NANDO:2100158",
      "NCIT:C2985",
      "SCTID:73211009",
      "UMLS:C0011849",
      "icd11.foundation:465177735"
    ],
    "synonyms": [
      "DM",
      "diabetes",
      "diabetes mellitus",
      "diabetes mellitus (disease)"
    ],
    "categories": [
      {
        "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
        "name": "digestive system disorder"
      },
      {
        "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
        "name": "endocrine system disorder"
      }
    ],
    "definition": "A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels due to diminished production of insulin or insulin resistance/desensitization."
  },
  "isLeaf": false,
  "isRoot": false,
  "child_count": 8,
  "parents": [
    {
      "id": 4104,
      "label": "endocrine pancreas disorder",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        4455
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1428",
          "ICD9:251",
          "MEDGEN:124407",
          "NCIT:C27067",
          "SCTID:17346000",
          "UMLS:C0271633"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "disease of endocrine pancreas",
          "disease or disorder of endocrine pancreas",
          "disorder of endocrine pancreas",
          "endocrine pancreas disease",
          "endocrine pancreas disease or disorder",
          "endocrine pancreas disorder",
          "disorder of islets of langerhans",
          "disorder of pancreatic islets"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A disease involving the endocrine pancreas."
      },
      "child_count": 12,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0001933"
    },
    {
      "id": 4915,
      "label": "glucose metabolism disease",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6795
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:4194",
          "EFO:0009406",
          "ICD9:271.8",
          "MEDGEN:226229",
          "MESH:D044882",
          "NCIT:C53655",
          "SCTID:126877002",
          "UMLS:C1257958"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "disorder of glucose metabolism",
          "glucose metabolism disorder"
        ],
        "definition": "A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal blood glucose levels."
      },
      "child_count": 9,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0002908"
    }
  ],
  "children": [
    {
      "id": 6871,
      "label": "type 1 diabetes mellitus",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        2997,
        3004,
        6752
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:9744",
          "ICD10CM:E10",
          "ICD10WHO:E10",
          "MEDGEN:41522",
          "MESH:D003922",
          "NANDO:2200460",
          "NCIT:C2986",
          "OMIM:222100",
          "Orphanet:243377",
          "SCTID:46635009",
          "UMLS:C0011854",
          "icd11.foundation:1651053999"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "IDDM",
          "T1D",
          "T1DM",
          "diabetes mellitis type 1",
          "diabetes mellitis type I",
          "immune mediated diabetes",
          "insulin dependent diabetes",
          "juvenile diabetes",
          "type 1 diabetes",
          "type I diabetes",
          "type I diabetes mellitus"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005046",
            "name": "immune system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A chronic condition characterized by minimal or absent production of insulin by the pancreas."
      },
      "child_count": 3,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005147"
    },
    {
      "id": 6872,
      "label": "type 2 diabetes mellitus",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6752
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:9352",
          "ICD10CM:E11",
          "ICD10WHO:E11",
          "MEDGEN:41523",
          "MESH:D003924",
          "NANDO:2200461",
          "NCIT:C26747",
          "OMIM:125853",
          "SCTID:44054006",
          "UMLS:C0011860",
          "icd11.foundation:119724091"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "NIDDM",
          "T2D",
          "T2DM",
          "T2DM - type 2 diabetes mellitus",
          "adult onset diabetes",
          "adult-onset diabetes",
          "diabetes mellitis type 2",
          "diabetes mellitis type II",
          "diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent",
          "diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, association with",
          "diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, late onset",
          "diabetes mellitus, type 2",
          "diabetes mellitus, type II",
          "diabetes, type 2",
          "insulin resistance, severe, digenic",
          "non-insulin dependent diabetes",
          "non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus",
          "noninsulin dependent diabetes",
          "noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus",
          "type 2 diabetes",
          "type 2 diabetes mellitus",
          "type 2 diabetes mellitus non-insulin dependent",
          "type II diabetes",
          "type II diabetes mellitus",
          "diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, 2",
          "diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent, susceptibility to",
          "diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent, susceptibility to",
          "diabetes mellitus, type 2, protection against",
          "diabetes mellitus, type 2, susceptibility to",
          "diabetes mellitus, type II, susceptibility to",
          "hypertension, insulin resistance-related, susceptibility to",
          "insulin resistance, susceptibility to",
          "maturity-onset diabetes",
          "type 2 diabetes mellitus, susceptibility to"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A type of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by insulin resistance or desensitization and increased blood glucose levels. This is a chronic disease that can develop gradually over the life of a patient and can be linked to both environmental factors and heredity."
      },
      "child_count": 6,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005148"
    },
    {
      "id": 7082,
      "label": "gestational diabetes",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6752,
        21520
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:11714",
          "EFO:0004593",
          "ICD10CM:O24.4",
          "MEDGEN:38815",
          "MESH:D016640",
          "NCIT:C34942",
          "SCTID:11687002",
          "UMLS:C0085207",
          "icd11.foundation:1320503631"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "diabetes in pregnancy",
          "gestational diabetes mellitus",
          "maternal gestational diabetes mellitus"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "Carbohydrate intolerance first diagnosed during pregnancy."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0005406"
    },
    {
      "id": 11922,
      "label": "maternally-inherited diabetes and deafness",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6752,
        16918
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "GARD:0027358",
          "ICD9:250.80",
          "MEDGEN:90979",
          "MESH:C536246",
          "NCIT:C131859",
          "OMIM:520000",
          "Orphanet:225",
          "SCTID:237619009",
          "UMLS:C0342289",
          "icd11.foundation:2133824111"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "MIDD",
          "mitochondrial diabetes",
          "Ballinger Wallace syndrome",
          "Ballinger-Wallace syndrome",
          "Niddm with deafness",
          "diabetes and deafness, maternally inherited",
          "diabetes mellitus type II with deafness",
          "diabetes mellitus, type II, with deafness",
          "diabetes-deafness syndrome, maternally Transmitted",
          "maternally inherited diabetes and deafness",
          "noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with deafness"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is a mitochondrial disorder characterized by maternally transmitted diabetes and sensorineural deafness."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0010785"
    },
    {
      "id": 13859,
      "label": "diabetic ketoacidosis",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6752
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "DOID:1837",
          "EFO:1000897",
          "ICD9:250.1",
          "ICD9:250.10",
          "MEDGEN:8351",
          "MESH:D016883",
          "MedDRA:10012671",
          "SCTID:420422005",
          "UMLS:C0011880"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "KPD"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "The metabolic condition resulted from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, in which the shift of acid-base status of the body toward the acid side because of loss of base or retention of acids other than carbonic acid is accompanied by the accumulation of ketone bodies in body tissues and fluids."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0012819"
    },
    {
      "id": 16627,
      "label": "monogenic diabetes",
      "isLeaf": false,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6752,
        18954
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "EFO:1001511",
          "MEDGEN:1392102",
          "NCIT:C129739",
          "Orphanet:183625",
          "UMLS:C3888631"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "monogenic diabetes",
          "rare genetic diabetes mellitus"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "Diabetes mellitus that is caused by mutations in a single gene."
      },
      "child_count": 4,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:0015967"
    },
    {
      "id": 26600,
      "label": "type 5 diabetes mellitus",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6752
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "synonyms": [
          "MRDM",
          "malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "Any diabetes mellitus caused by an inability of the pancreas to produce enough insulin due to underdeveloped pancreatic tissue resulting from prolonged undernutrition."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:1010179"
    },
    {
      "id": 29376,
      "label": "cystic fibrosis-related diabetes",
      "isLeaf": true,
      "isRoot": false,
      "parents": [
        6752
      ],
      "type_id": 0,
      "properties": {
        "xrefs": [
          "ICD10CM:E13"
        ],
        "synonyms": [
          "CF-related diabetes",
          "CFRD"
        ],
        "categories": [
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0004335",
            "name": "digestive system disorder"
          },
          {
            "ref": "MONDO:0005151",
            "name": "endocrine system disorder"
          }
        ],
        "definition": "A form of diabetes mellitus unique to individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), arising primarily from progressive fibrotic destruction of the pancreas leading to insulin deficiency, with additional contributions from insulin resistance. CFRD affects approximately 20% of adolescents and 40-50% of adults with CF. It shares features with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes but is a distinct clinical entity with its own diagnostic criteria and management guidelines."
      },
      "child_count": 0,
      "reference_id": "MONDO:7770003"
    }
  ],
  "roots": [
    {
      "id": 4104,
      "label": "endocrine pancreas disorder"
    },
    {
      "id": 4915,
      "label": "glucose metabolism disease"
    }
  ]
}