[ { "phenotype_id": "PH930", "phenotype_version_id": 1939, "name": "Oral Contraceptive", "definition": "BACKGROUND: \n\nWith recent changes in the United Kingdom’s clinical practice for diabetes mellitus care, contemporary estimates of sex disparities in cardiovascular risk and risk factor management are needed.\n\n\nMETHODS: \n\nIn this retrospective cohort study, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to hospital and death records for people in England, we identified 79 985 patients with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between 2006 to 2013 matched to 386 547 patients without diabetes mellitus. Sex-stratified Cox models were used to assess cardiovascular risk.\n\n\nRESULTS: \n\nCompared with women without T2DM, women with T2DM had a higher cardiovascular event risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.28]) with similar corresponding data in men (hazard ratio, 1.12 [1.06–1.19]), leading to a nonsignificant higher relative risk in women (risk ratio, 1.07 [0.98–1.17]). However, some important sex differences in the management of risk factors were observed. Compared with men with T2DM, women with T2DM were more likely to be obese, hypertensive, and have hypercholesterolemia, but were less likely to be prescribed lipid-lowering medication and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, especially if they had cardiovascular disease.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS: \n\nCompared with men developing T2DM, women with T2DM do not have a significantly higher relative increase in cardiovascular risk, but ongoing sex disparities in prescribing should prompt heightened efforts to improve the standard and equity of diabetes mellitus care in women and men.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n", "implementation": "", "publications": [ { "doi": null, "details": "Alison K Wright,Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Ian Buchan, Mamas A Mamas, Naveed Sattar, Darren M Ashcroft, Martin K Rutter, , Cardiovascular Risk and Risk Factor Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus A Population-Based Cohort Study Assessing Sex Disparities. Circulation, 139:2742-2753, 2019." } ], "validation": "", "citation_requirements": "", "created": "2022-04-04T07:11:13.647963Z", "author": "Alison K Wright, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Ian Buchan, Mamas A Mamas, Naveed Sattar, Darren M Ashcroft, Martin M Rutter", "collections": [ { "name": "ClinicalCodes Repository", "value": 25 }, { "name": "Phenotype Library", "value": 18 } ], "tags": null, "organisation": null, "world_access": 1, "updated": "2022-04-04T07:11:13.647987Z", "sex": [ { "name": "Both", "value": "3" } ], "type": [ { "name": "Drug", "value": "3" } ], "ontology": null, "phenoflowid": "", "data_sources": [ { "name": "CPRD GOLD", "value": 5, "uid": "a29feafa-7bdd-44e9-b977-c9d26425e67f", "url": "https://healthdatagateway.org/en/dataset/694", "datasource_id": 694 } ], "coding_system": [ { "name": "GPRD product codes", "value": 14 } ], "event_date_range": "01/01/2006 - 31/12/2013", "concept_information": [ { "concept_id": 2706, "concept_version_id": 6825, "concept_name": "Oral Contraceptive - Primary Care", "coding_system": { "id": 14, "name": "GPRD product codes", "description": "GPRD product codes" }, "phenotype_id": "PH930", "phenotype_version_id": 1939, "phenotype_name": "Oral Contraceptive", "code_attribute_header": [ "Entity type", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)", "Category" ], "codes": [ { "code": "10201", "description": "Desogestrel 75microgram tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "125", "description": "Dianette tablets (Bayer Plc)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "12631", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel and placebo 30micrograms + 150micrograms Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "1348", "description": "Noriday 350microgram tablets (Pfizer Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "13810", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel for post-coital contraception 50micrograms + 250micrograms Tabl", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "14459", "description": "Gynovlar 21 Tablet (Schering Health Care Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "1466", "description": "Femulen 500microgram tablets (Pfizer Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "14670", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with norethisterone - biphasic 7 x 35mcg+500mcg; 14 x 35mcg+1mg Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "14977", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with gestodene - triphasic 6 x 30+50mcg; 5 x 40+70mcg; 10 x 30+100mcg Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "15886", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel - triphasic 6x30+50mcg; 5x40+75mcg; 10x30+125mcg Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "15987", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with norethisterone - triphasic 7 x 35+500mcg; 7 x 35+750mcg; 7 x 35mcg+1mg Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "1601", "description": "Trinovum tablets (Janssen-Cilag Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "1613", "description": "Microval 30microgram tablets (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "1720", "description": "Levonorgestrel 30microgram tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "18569", "description": "Gestodene with ethinylestradiol 75microgramwith20microgram Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "19131", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with gestodene and placebo 30micrograms + 75micrograms Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "19551", "description": "Controvlar Tablet (Schering Health Care Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "2061", "description": "Norethisterone 350microgram tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "2084", "description": "Ovran 30 Tablet (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "21343", "description": "Minovlar ed Tablet (Schering Health Care Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "21733", "description": "Gestodene with ethinylestradiol 75microgramwith30microgram Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "22603", "description": "Clairette 2000/35 tablets (Stragen UK Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "2265", "description": "Etynodiol 500microgram tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "23211", "description": "Desogestrel with ethinylestradiol 150micrograms with 30micrograms tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "23218", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with cyproterone acetate 35microgram with 2mg tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "23897", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel - triphasic with placebo 6x30+50mcg; 5x40+75mcg; 10x30+125mcg T", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "239", "description": "Micronor 350microgram tablets (Janssen-Cilag Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "25124", "description": "Acnocin 2000microgram/35microgram tablets (Sandoz Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "25263", "description": "Norgestimate with ethinylestradiol 250micrograms + 35micrograms Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "2553", "description": "Norgeston 30microgram tablets (Bayer Plc)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "2769", "description": "Cyproterone acetate with ethinylestradiol 2mg with 35micrograms tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "31528", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with norethisterone - triphasic 7x35+500mcg; 9x35mcg+1mg; 5x35+500mcg Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "31902", "description": "Cicafem 2000/35 tablets (Galen Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "33098", "description": "Diva 2000/35 tablets (Zeroderma Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "3436", "description": "Ortho-novin 1/50 Tablet (Janssen-Cilag Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "3472", "description": "Trinovum ed ED tablets (Janssen-Cilag Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "3538", "description": "Neocon 1/35 Tablet (Cilag Pharmaceuticals Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "38500", "description": "Co-cyprindiol 2000microgram/35microgram tablets (Fannin UK Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "40305", "description": "Qlaira tablets (Bayer Plc)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "40618", "description": "Estradiol valerate and (estradiol valerate with dienogest) tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "40650", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with norethisterone 35micrograms + 750micrograms Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "42510", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "43009", "description": "Minovlar 21 Tablet (Schering Health Care Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "443", "description": "Desogestrel with ethinylestradiol 150micrograms with 20micrograms tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "45059", "description": "Ethinylestradiol with levonorgestrel 30micrograms + 50micrograms Tablet", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "4608", "description": "Dianette tablets (Mylan)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "47057", "description": "Yasminelle 3mg+20microgram Tablet (Bayer Plc)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "47132", "description": "Co-cyprindiol 2mg+35microgram Tablet (Sandoz Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "48570", "description": "Cerazette 75microgram tablets (Mawdsley-Brooks & Company Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "53201", "description": "Dianette tablets (Lexon (UK) Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "54527", "description": "Cerelle 75microgram tablets (Consilient Health Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "54800", "description": "Desorex 75microgram tablets (Somex Pharma)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "55819", "description": "Nacrez 75microgram tablets (Teva UK Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "56103", "description": "Cerelle 75microgram tablets (Consilient Health Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "56553", "description": "Generic Trinovum tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "56732", "description": "Aizea 75microgram tablets (Besins Healthcare (UK) Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "57748", "description": "Desomono 75microgram tablets (MedRx Licences Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "58485", "description": "Zelleta 75microgram tablets (Morningside Healthcare Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "59149", "description": "Generic Qlaira tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "59414", "description": "Desogestrel 75microgram tablets (Actavis UK Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "5986", "description": "Cerazette 75microgram tablets (Merck Sharp & Dohme Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "61190", "description": "Co-cyprindiol 2000microgram/35microgram tablets (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "61465", "description": "Feanolla 75microgram tablets (Lupin Healthcare (UK) Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "61890", "description": "Desogestrel 75microgram tablets (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "6431", "description": "Co-cyprindiol 2000microgram/35microgram tablets", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "6596", "description": "Norelgestromin with ethinylestradiol 203micrograms + 33.9micrograms/24hours Transdermal patch", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "67248", "description": "Dianette tablets (Waymade Healthcare Plc)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "67274", "description": "Dianette tablets (Sigma Pharmaceuticals Plc)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "68515", "description": "Teragezza 2000microgram/35microgram tablets (Morningside Healthcare Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "8103", "description": "Conova 30 Tablet (Pharmacia Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "9119", "description": "Minilyn Tablet (Organon Laboratories Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } }, { "code": "976", "description": "Schering PC4 Tablet (Schering Health Care Ltd)", "attributes": { "Entity type": "res72: Oral contraceptive", "Coding System (CPRD_product_code)": "CPRD_product_code", "Category": "drug" } } ] } ], "status": 2, "doi": "https://doi.org/10.48533/dvjs-qe85", "is_deleted": null, "publish_status": 2, "owner": "ieuan.scanlon", "template": { "id": 1, "name": "Clinical-Coded Phenotype", "description": "Phenotype definitions that are based on lists of clinical codes, or algorithms using clinical codes.", "version_id": 1 }, "versions": [ { "version_id": 1939, "version_name": "Oral Contraceptive", "version_date": "2022-04-04T07:11:13.672863Z", "is_published": true, "is_latest": true } ] } ]