A focal epilepsy syndrome with characteristic brief motor seizures occurring from sleep. This syndrome was previously known as nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, and (when familial) autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy. It has both genetic and structural causes. Patients may have hyperkinetic seizures, or seizures with asymmetric dystonic/tonic motor features. The term sleep-related hyperkinetic epilepsy is to be used when patients have hyperkinetic seizures alone.