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Anxiolitics

Matthew J Carr, Darren M Ashscroft, Evangelos Kontopantelis, David While, Yvonne Awenant, Jayne Cooper, Carolyn Chew-Graham, Nav Kapur, Roger T Webb

ID
PH363
Version ID
726
Type
Drug
Data Sources
Valid event data range
01/01/2001 - 31/12/2012
Sex
♀  Female ♂  Male
Agreement Date
2016-03-08
Coding system
Multilex codes
Collections
ClinicalCodes Repository Phenotype Library
Tags
No tags

Definition

Background:

Little is known about the clinical management of patients in primary care following self-harm.

Methods:

A descriptive cohort study using data from 684 UK general practices that contributed to the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) during 2001-2013. We identified 49,970 patients with a self-harm episode, 41,500 of whom had one complete year of follow-up.

Results:

Among those with complete follow-up, 26,065 (62.8%, 62.3-63.3) were prescribed psychotropic medication and 6318 (15.2%, 14.9-15.6) were referred to mental health services; 4105 (9.9%, CI 9.6-10.2) were medicated without an antecedent psychiatric diagnosis or referral, and 4,506 (10.9%, CI 10.6-11.2) had a diagnosis but were not subsequently medicated or referred. Patients registered at practices in the most deprived localities were 27.1% (CI 21.5-32.2) less likely to be referred than those in the least deprived. Despite a specifically flagged NICE 'Do not do' recommendation in 2011 against prescribing tricyclic antidepressants following self-harm because of their potentially lethal toxicity in overdose, 8.8% (CI 7.8-9.8) of individuals were issued a prescription in the subsequent year. The percentage prescribed Citalopram, an SSRI antidepressant with higher toxicity in overdose, fell sharply during 2012/2013 in the aftermath of a Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) safety alert issued in 2011.

Conclusions:

A relatively small percentage of these vulnerable patients are referred to mental health services, and reduced likelihood of referral in more deprived localities reflects a marked health inequality. National clinical guidelines have not yet been effective in reducing rates of tricyclic antidepressant prescribing for this high-risk group.

Publications

  • Matthew J Carr, Darren M Ashcroft, Evangelos Kontopantelis, David While, Yvonne Awenant, Jayne Cooper, Carolyn Chew-Graham, Nav Kapur, Roger T Webb, Clinical management following self-harm in a UK-wide primary care cohort. Journal of Affective Disorders, 197(2016) 182-188, 2016.

Clinical Code List

Rows: 40
Code Description Entity type Coding System (Multilex) Category
39801020 Zimovane 7.5mg tablets (Lexon (UK) Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
479021 Zopiclone 3.75mg/5ml oral solution res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
59209020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets (Actavis UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
59210020 Zopiclone 3.75mg tablets (Actavis UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
59236020 Zopiclone 3.75mg tablets (IVAX Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
59237020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets (IVAX Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
59593020 Zopiclone 3.75mg tablets (Teva UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
59594020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets (Teva UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
59784020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets (Generics (UK) Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
59785020 Zopiclone 3.75mg tablets (Generics (UK) Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
60509020 Zopiclone 3.75mg tablets (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
60510020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
62715020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets (Sandoz Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
63436020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets (Kent Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
63765020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets (PLIVA Pharma Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
63881020 Zolpidem 5mg Tablet (Winthrop Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
63882020 Zolpidem 10mg Tablet (Winthrop Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
64484020 Zolpidem 5mg tablets (Teva UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
64487020 Zolpidem 10mg tablets (Teva UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
64733020 Zolpidem 5mg tablets (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
64738020 Zolpidem 10mg tablets (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
65546020 Zopiclone 3.75mg tablets (Kent Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
65832020 Zolpidem 5mg tablets (IVAX Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
65835020 Zolpidem 10mg tablets (IVAX Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
66946020 Zolpidem 10mg tablets (Generics (UK) Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
72408020 Zimovane 7.5mg tablets (Sanofi) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
72416020 Zopiclone 7.5mg tablets res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
72417020 Zopiclone 3.75mg tablets res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
75692020 Zolpidem 5mg tablets res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
75693020 Zolpidem 10mg tablets res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
75696020 Stilnoct 5mg tablets (Sanofi) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
75697020 Stilnoct 10mg tablets (Sanofi) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
83069020 Zimovane LS 3.75mg tablets (Sanofi) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
85821020 Zileze 3.75 tablets (Opus Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
85822020 Zileze 7.5 tablets (Opus Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
86240020 Zaleplon 5mg capsules res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
86241020 Zaleplon 10mg capsules res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
86243020 Sonata 5mg capsules (Meda Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
86244020 Sonata 10mg capsules (Meda Pharmaceuticals Ltd) res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug
91009020 Zopiclone 3.75mg/5ml oral suspension res36: Anxiolitics Multilex drug

API

To Export Phenotype Details:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH363/version/726/detail/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH363/version/726/detail/?format=json
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get details of phenotype

details = get_phenotype_detail_by_version('PH363', '726', api_client=client)

To Export Phenotype Code List:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH363/version/726/export/codes/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH363/version/726/export/codes/?format=json
CSV site_root/phenotypes/PH363/version/726/export/codes/
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get codelists of phenotype

codelists = get_phenotype_code_list('PH363', '726', api_client=client)

Version History

Version
ID
Name Owner Publish date
726 Anxiolitics ieuan.scanlon 2021-10-06 currently shown

Export - export all codes into a csv file/JSON/XML for the current phenotype version.

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