Importance:
People with epilepsy are at increased risk of mortality, but, to date, the cause-specific risks of all unnatural causes have not been reported.
Objective:
To estimate cause-specific unnatural mortality risks in people with epilepsy and to identify the medication types involved in poisoning deaths.
Design, Setting, and Participants:
This population-based cohort study used 2 electronic primary care data sets linked to hospitalization and mortality records, the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) in England (from January 1, 1998, to March 31, 2014) and the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) Databank in Wales (from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2014). Each person with epilepsy was matched on age (within 2 years), sex, and general practice with up to 20 individuals without epilepsy. Unnatural mortality was determined using International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes V01 through Y98 in the Office for National Statistics mortality records. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated in each data set using a stratified Cox proportional hazards model, and meta-analyses were conducted using DerSimonian and Laird random-effects models. The analysis was performed from January 5, 2016, to November 16, 2017.
Exposures:
People with epilepsy were identified using primary care epilepsy diagnoses and associated antiepileptic drug prescriptions.
Main Outcomes and Measures:
Hazard ratios (HRs) for unnatural mortality and the frequency of each involved medication type estimated as a percentage of all medication poisoning deaths.
Results:
In total, 44678 individuals in the CPRD and 14 051 individuals in the SAIL Databank were identified in the prevalent epilepsy cohorts, and 891 429 (CPRD) and 279 365 (SAIL) individuals were identified in the comparison cohorts. In both data sets, 51% of the epilepsy and comparison cohorts were male, and the median age at entry was 40 years (interquartile range, 25-60 years) in the CPRD cohorts and 43 years (interquartile range, 24-64 years) in the SAIL cohorts. People with epilepsy were significantly more likely to die of any unnatural cause (HR, 2.77; 95% CI, 2.43-3.16), unintentional injury or poisoning (HR, 2.97; 95% CI, 2.54-3.48) or suicide (HR, 2.15; 95% CI, 1.51-3.07) than people in the comparison cohort. Particularly large risk increases were observed in the epilepsy cohorts for unintentional medication poisoning (HR, 4.99; 95% CI, 3.22-7.74) and intentional self-poisoning with medication (HR, 3.55; 95% CI, 1.01-12.53). Opioids (56.5% [95% CI, 43.3%-69.0%]) and psychotropic medication (32.3% [95% CI, 20.9%-45.3%)] were more commonly involved than antiepileptic drugs (9.7% [95% CI, 3.6%-19.9%]) in poisoning deaths in people with epilepsy.
Conclusions and Relevance:
Compared with people without epilepsy, people with epilepsy are at increased risk of unnatural death and thus should be adequately advised about unintentional injury prevention and monitored for suicidal ideation, thoughts, and behaviors. The suitability and toxicity of concomitant medication should be considered when prescribing for comorbid conditions.
Hayley C Gorton, Roger T Webb, Mathew J Carr, Marcos Delpozo-Banos, Ann John, Darren M Ashcroft, Risk of Unnatural Mortality in People With Epilepsy. JAMA Neurology, 75(8), 929-038, 2018.
Code | Description | Entity type | Category | Coding System (Read) |
---|---|---|---|---|
13c..00 | Drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c0.00 | Injecting drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c1.00 | Intravenous drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c3.00 | Intramuscular drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c4.00 | Intranasal drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c5.00 | Substance misuse increased | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c6.00 | Substance misuse decreased | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c7.00 | Current drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c8.00 | Reduced drugs misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13c9.00 | Subcutaneous drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cA.00 | Smokes drugs | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cB.00 | Misuses drugs orally | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cC.00 | Continuous use of drugs | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cD.00 | Episodic use of drugs | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cE.00 | Prolonged high dose use of cannabis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cF.00 | Preoccupied with substance misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cH.00 | Persistent substance misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cJ.00 | Previously injecting drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
13cM.00 | Substance misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
146C.00 | Failed heroin detoxification | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
146F.00 | H/O: drug abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T...00 | History of substance misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T0..00 | H/O heroin misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T00.00 | H/O daily heroin misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T01.00 | H/O weekly heroin misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T02.00 | Previous history of heroin misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T03.00 | H/O infrequent heroin misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T1..00 | H/O methadone misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T10.00 | H/O daily methadone misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T11.00 | H/O weekly methadone misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T12.00 | H/O infrequent methadone misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T13.00 | Previous history of methadone misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T2..00 | H/O ecstasy misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T20.00 | H/O daily ecstasy misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T21.00 | H/O weekly ecstasy misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T22.00 | H/O infrequent ecstasy misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T23.00 | Previous history of ecstasy misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T3..00 | H/O benzodiazepine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T30.00 | H/O daily benzodiazepine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T31.00 | H/O weekly benzodiazepine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T32.00 | H/O infrequent benzodiazepine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T33.00 | Previous history of benzodiazepine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T4..00 | H/O amphetamine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T40.00 | H/O daily amphetamine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T41.00 | H/O weekly amphetamine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T42.00 | H/O infrequent amphetamine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T43.00 | Previous history of amphetamine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T5..00 | H/O cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T50.00 | H/O daily cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T51.00 | H/O weekly cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T52.00 | H/O infrequent cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T53.00 | Previous history of cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T6..00 | H/O crack cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T60.00 | H/O daily crack cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T61.00 | H/O weekly crack cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T62.00 | H/O infrequent crack cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T63.00 | Previous history of crack cocaine misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T7..00 | H/O hallucinogen misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T73.00 | Previous history of hallucinogen misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T8..00 | H/O cannabis misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T80.00 | H/O daily cannabis misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T81.00 | H/O weekly cannabis misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T82.00 | H/O infrequent cannabis misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T83.00 | Previous history of cannabis misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T9..00 | H/O solvent misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T90.00 | H/O daily solvent misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T91.00 | H/O weekly solvent misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T92.00 | H/O infrequent solvent misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1T93.00 | Previous history of solvent misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TA..00 | H/O barbiturate misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TA3.00 | Previous history of barbiturate misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TB..00 | H/O major tranquilliser misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TB0.00 | H/O daily major tranquilliser misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TC..00 | H/O anti-depressant misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TC0.00 | H/O daily anti-depressant misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TC3.00 | Previous history of anti-depressant misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TD..00 | H/O opiate misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TD0.00 | H/O daily opiate misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TD1.00 | H/O weekly opiate misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TD2.00 | H/O infrequent opiate misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TD3.00 | Previous history of opiate misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TE..00 | Uses heroin on top of substitution therapy | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1TF..00 | Does not use heroin on top of substitution therapy | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V...00 | Drug misuse behaviour | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V0..00 | Misuses drugs | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V00.00 | Occasional drug user | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V01.00 | Long-term drug misuser | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V02.00 | Poly-drug misuser | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V07.00 | Notified addict | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V08.00 | Smokes drugs in cigarette form | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V09.00 | Smokes drugs through a pipe | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V0A.00 | Chases the dragon | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V0B.00 | Sniffs drugs | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V0C.00 | Drug addict | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V0E.00 | Health problem secondary to drug misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V22.00 | Age at starting drug misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V26.00 | Misused drugs in past | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V35.00 | Shares drug equipment | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V38.00 | Sharing of drug injecting equipment | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V6..00 | Drug-related offending behaviour | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V63.00 | Possession of drugs | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V64.00 | Illicit drug use | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V65.00 | Heroin misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
1V66.00 | Ecstasy misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
677T.00 | Substance misuse structured counselling | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
7P22000 | Delivery of rehabilitation for drug addiction | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8AA..00 | Drug abuse monitoring | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8B23.00 | Drug addiction therapy | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8B23.11 | Drug addictn therap-methadone | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8B2N.00 | Drug addiction detoxification therapy - methadone | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8B2P.00 | Drug addiction maintenance therapy - methadone | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8B2Q.00 | Drug addiction maintenance therapy - buprenorphine | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8B2R.00 | Drug addiction detoxification therapy - buprenorphine | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8B2S.00 | Opioid agonist substitution therapy | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8B2T.00 | Opioid antagonist therapy | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8BAW.00 | Drug dependence self detoxification | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8BAX.00 | Drug dependence home detoxification | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8BAd.00 | Opiate dependence detoxification | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8BAo.00 | Benzodiazepine dependence detoxification | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8H7x.00 | Referral to drug abuse counsellor | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8Hh1.00 | Self referral to substance misuse service | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8HkF.00 | Referral to substance misuse service | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
8Hq..00 | Admission to substance misuse detoxification centre | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9G2..00 | Drug addiction notification | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9G2..11 | Drug addict notific admin | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9G21.00 | Drug addict notific to CMO | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9G22.00 | Drug addict re-notific due | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9G23.00 | Drug addict re-notif to CMO | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9G24.00 | Drug addict-notify local SMR22 | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9G2Z.00 | Drug addiction notif NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9HC..00 | Substance misuse monitoring | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9HC1.00 | Follow up substance misuse assessment | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9HC2.00 | Substance misuse clinical management plan agreed | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9HC3.00 | Substance misuse clinical management plan reviewed | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9HC4.00 | Substance misuse treatment withdrawn | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9HC5.00 | Substance misuse treatment programme completed | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9HC6.00 | Substance misuse treatment declined | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9K4..00 | SMR25a drug misuse initial assessment form | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9N1yJ00 | Seen in drug misuse clinic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9N4i.00 | DNA - Did not attend substance misuse clinic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9NdN.00 | Declined consent for notification of drug misuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9No5.00 | Seen in substance misuse clinic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9k5..00 | Drug misuse - enhanced services administration | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9k50.00 | Drug misuse - enhanced service completed | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9k51.00 | Shared care drug misuse treatment - enhanced services admin | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9k51.11 | Shared care drug misuse treatment | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9k52.00 | Drug misuse treatment primary care - enhanced services admin | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9k53.00 | Pharmacy attended for drug misuse - enhanced services admin | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9kS..00 | Drug misuse assessment declined - enhanced services administ | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
9s...00 | Drug misuse clinic administration | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E24..00 | Drug dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E24..11 | Drug addiction | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240.00 | Opioid type drug dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240.11 | Heroin dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240.12 | Methadone dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240.13 | Morphine dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240.14 | Opium dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240000 | Unspecified opioid dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240100 | Continuous opioid dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240200 | Episodic opioid dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240300 | Opioid dependence in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E240z00 | Opioid drug dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E241.15 | Librium dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E242.00 | Cocaine type drug dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E242000 | Cocaine dependence, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E242100 | Cocaine dependence, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E242200 | Cocaine dependence, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E242300 | Cocaine dependence in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E242z00 | Cocaine drug dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243.00 | Cannabis type drug dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243.11 | Hashish dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243.12 | Hemp dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243.13 | Marihuana dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243000 | Cannabis dependence, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243100 | Cannabis dependence, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243200 | Cannabis dependence, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243300 | Cannabis dependence in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E243z00 | Cannabis drug dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244.00 | Amphetamine or other psychostimulant dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244.11 | Psychostimulant dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244.12 | Stimulant dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244000 | Amphetamine or psychostimulant dependence, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244011 | Amfetamine or psychostimulant dependence, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244100 | Amphetamine or psychostimulant dependence, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244200 | Amphetamine or psychostimulant dependence, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244300 | Amphetamine or psychostimulant dependence in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244z00 | Amphetamine or psychostimulant dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E244z11 | Amfetamine or psychostimulant dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E245.00 | Hallucinogen dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E245.11 | LSD dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E245.12 | Lysergic acid diethylamide dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E245000 | Hallucinogen dependence, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E245100 | Hallucinogen dependence, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E245200 | Hallucinogen dependence, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E245300 | Hallucinogen dependence in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E245z00 | Hallucinogen dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E246.00 | Glue sniffing dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E246000 | Glue sniffing dependence, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E246100 | Glue sniffing dependence, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E246200 | Glue sniffing dependence, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E246300 | Glue sniffing dependence in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E246z00 | Glue sniffing dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E247100 | Other specified drug dependence, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E247200 | Other specified drug dependence, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E247300 | Other specified drug dependence in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E248.00 | Combined opioid with other drug dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E248000 | Combined opioid with other drug dependence, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E248100 | Combined opioid with other drug dependence, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E248200 | Combined opioid with other drug dependence, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E248300 | Combined opioid with other drug dependence in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E248z00 | Combined opioid with other drug dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E249.00 | Combined drug dependence, excluding opioids | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E249000 | Combined drug dependence, excluding opioid, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E249100 | Combined drug dependence, excluding opioid, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E249200 | Combined drug dependence, excluding opioid, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E249300 | Combined drug dependence, excluding opioid, in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E249z00 | Combined drug dependence, excluding opioid, NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E24A.00 | Ecstasy type drug dependence | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E24z.00 | Drug dependence NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25..00 | Nondependent abuse of drugs | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E252.00 | Nondependent cannabis abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E252000 | Nondependent cannabis abuse, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E252100 | Nondependent cannabis abuse, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E252200 | Nondependent cannabis abuse, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E252300 | Nondependent cannabis abuse in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E252z00 | Nondependent cannabis abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E253.00 | Nondependent hallucinogen abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E253000 | Nondependent hallucinogen abuse, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E253100 | Nondependent hallucinogen abuse, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E253200 | Nondependent hallucinogen abuse, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E253300 | Nondependent hallucinogen abuse in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E253z00 | Nondependent hallucinogen abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254.00 | Nondependent hypnotic or anxiolytic abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254.11 | Barbiturate abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254.12 | Hypnotic or anxiolytic abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254.13 | Sedative abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254.14 | Tranquilliser abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254000 | Nondependent hypnotic or anxiolytic abuse, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254100 | Nondependent hypnotic or anxiolytic abuse, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254200 | Nondependent hypnotic or anxiolytic abuse, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254300 | Nondependent hypnotic or anxiolytic abuse in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E254z00 | Nondependent hypnotic or anxiolytic abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E255.00 | Nondependent opioid abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E255000 | Nondependent opioid abuse, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E255100 | Nondependent opioid abuse, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E255200 | Nondependent opioid abuse, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E255300 | Nondependent opioid abuse in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E255z00 | Nondependent opioid abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E256.00 | Nondependent cocaine abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E256000 | Nondependent cocaine abuse, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E256100 | Nondependent cocaine abuse, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E256200 | Nondependent cocaine abuse, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E256300 | Nondependent cocaine abuse in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E256z00 | Nondependent cocaine abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E257.00 | Nondependent amphetamine or other psychostimulant abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E257.11 | Psychostimulant abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E257.12 | Stimulant abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E257000 | Nondependent amphetamine/psychostimulant abuse, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E257100 | Nondependent amphetamine/psychostimulant abuse, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E257200 | Nondependent amphetamine or psychostimulant abuse, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E257300 | Nondependent amphetamine/psychostimulant abuse in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E257z00 | Nondependent amphetamine or psychostimulant abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E258.00 | Nondependent antidepressant type drug abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E258z00 | Nondependent antidepressant type drug abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E259.00 | Nondependent mixed drug abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E259000 | Nondependent mixed drug abuse, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E259100 | Nondependent mixed drug abuse, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E259200 | Nondependent mixed drug abuse, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E259300 | Nondependent mixed drug abuse in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E259400 | Misuse of prescription only drugs | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E259z00 | Nondependent mixed drug abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25y.00 | Nondependent other drug abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25y.11 | Analgesic abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25y.13 | Steroid abuse | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25y000 | Nondependent other drug abuse, unspecified | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25y100 | Nondependent other drug abuse, continuous | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25y200 | Nondependent other drug abuse, episodic | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25y300 | Nondependent other drug abuse in remission | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25yz00 | Nondependent other drug abuse NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E25z.00 | Misuse of drugs NOS | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
E29y500 | Other adjustment reaction with withdrawal | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11200 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use opioids: dependence syndr | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11211 | [X]Drug addiction - opioids | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11212 | [X]Heroin addiction | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11300 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use opioids: withdrawal state | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11311 | [X]Cold turkey, opiate withdrawal | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11400 | [X]Men & behav dis due opioid: withdrawl state with delirium | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11500 | [X]Mental & behav dis due to use opioids: psychotic disorder | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11600 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use opioids: amnesic syndrome | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11700 | [X]Men & beh dis due opioids: resid & late-onset psychot dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11y00 | [X]Men & behav dis due to use opioids: oth men & behav dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu11z00 | [X]Ment & behav dis due use opioids: unsp ment & behav dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12.00 | [X]Mental and behavioural disorders due to use cannabinoids | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12000 | [X]Mental & behav dis due cannabinoids: acute intoxication | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12100 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use cannabinoids: harmful use | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12200 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to cannabinoids: dependence synd | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12211 | [X]Drug addiction - cannabis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12300 | [X]Mental and behav dis due cannabinoids: withdrawal state | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12500 | [X]Mental & behav dis due to cannabinoids: psychotic disordr | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12600 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use cannabinoids: amnesic syn | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12700 | [X]Mnt/bh dis due cannabinds: resid & late-onset psychot dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12y00 | [X]Men/behav dis due to use cannabinoids: oth men/behav disd | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu12z00 | [X]Ment/behav dis due use cannabinoids: unsp ment/behav disd | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu13.00 | [X]Mental and behavioural dis due use sedatives/hypnotics | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu13000 | [X]Mental & behav dis due seds/hypntcs: acute intoxication | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu13100 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use seds/hypntcs: harmful use | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu13200 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to seds/hypntcs: dependence synd | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu13211 | [X]Drug addiction- sedative / hypnotics | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu13300 | [X]Mental and behav dis due seds/hypntcs: withdrawal state | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu13400 | [X]Men & beh dis due seds/hypns: withdrwl state wth delirium | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu13500 | [X]Mental & behav dis due to seds/hypntcs: psychotic disordr | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu14.00 | [X]Mental and behavioural disorders due to use of cocaine | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu14000 | [X]Mental & behav dis due to use cocaine: acute intoxication | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu14100 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use of cocaine: harmful use | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu14200 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use cocaine: dependence syndr | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu14211 | [X]Drug addiction - cocaine | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu14300 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use cocaine: withdrawal state | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu14500 | [X]Mental & behav dis due to use cocaine: psychotic disorder | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu14700 | [X]Men & beh dis due cocaine: resid & late-onset psychot dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15.00 | [X]Mental & behav disorder due other stimulants inc caffein | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15000 | [X]Mnt/beh dis due oth stim inc caffein: acute intoxication | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15100 | [X]Ment/behav dis due to use oth stims inc caff: harmful use | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15200 | [X]Mental and behav dis oth stim inc caffein: dependnce synd | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15211 | [X]Drug addiction-other stimul | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15300 | [X]Mnt/behav dis other stimlnts inc caffeine: withdrwl state | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15500 | [X]Mental/behav dis oth stims inc caffeine: psychotic dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15700 | [X]Mnt/bh dis oth stm inc caffne resid/late-onset psycht dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu15z00 | [X]Ment/beh dis oth stims inc caffeine: unsp ment/behav disd | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16.00 | [X]Mental and behavioural disorders due to use hallucinogens | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16000 | [X]Mental & behav dis due hallucinogens: acute intoxicatn | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16100 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use hallucinogens: harmfl use | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16200 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to hallucinogens: dependence syn | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16211 | [X]Drug addiction - hallucinogen | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16300 | [X]Mental and behav dis due hallucinogens: withdrawal state | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16500 | [X]Mental & behav dis due to hallucinogens: psychotic disord | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16700 | [X]Mnt/bh dis due hallucngns: resid & late-onset psychot dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16711 | [X]Post hallucinogen perception disorder | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu16z00 | [X]Ment/behav dis due use hallucinogens: unsp ment/behav dis | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu17200 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use tobacco: dependence syndr | res55: substance_misuse | diagnostic | Read |
Eu17300 | [X]Mental and behav dis due to use tobacco: withdrawal state | res55: substance_misuse |