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Alpha Blockers

Evangelos Kontopantelis, David A Springate, David Reeves, Darren M. Aschroff, Martin Rutter, Iain Buchan, Tim Doran, Matthias Pierce, Darren M. Ashcroft

ID
PH493
Version ID
986
Type
Drug
Data Sources
Valid event data range
01/04/2006 - 31/03/2012
Sex
♀  Female ♂  Male
Agreement Date
2014-12-16
Coding system
GPRD product codes
Collections
ClinicalCodes Repository Phenotype Library
Tags
No tags

Definition

Data source:

We used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), a large primary care database that holds complete electronic patient records (including diagnoses, prescriptions and referrals) from participating family practices across the UK. A hierarchical clinical coding system (Read) is used to record the data. In July 2012, data were available for 644 practices and 13,772,992 patients. Full details of the database have been provided elsewhere.

Diabetes cohort:

We extracted data from 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2012 and, for ease of reporting and analysing, aggregated information into six financial years. Within each year, practice inclusion eligibility was determined by a CPRD assessment algorithm, which informs on practices considered to be of research standard; therefore, our cohort of practices varied over time. For each research standard practice and year, we defined as eligible patients those who were registered with the practice for the full year and were aged 18 years or over in that year. From these patients, using relevant Read codes for type 2 diabetes (e.g. C10F.00: Type 2 diabetes mellitus) and excluding those treated with insulin within 2 years of diagnosis, we identified 246,544 patients over the study period. Diagnoses were not constrained to the study period and a relevant code prior to the study as well as during the study period would flag a patient from the respective year onwards. Data on sex, age and removal from the database due to deaths were available and complete for all patients.We extracted data on diabetes-related macrovascular (myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular disease or amputation) and microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy [chronic kidney disease stages 4–5] or foot ulcer) complications as well as comorbidities (asthma, coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease [excluded from microvascular analysis], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, dementia, severe mental illness, heart failure, hypertension, stroke [excluded from macrovascular analysis], cancer, epilepsy, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and hypothyroidism). Although we aimed to include all conditions associated with diabetes, the choice was partially determined by the domains incentivised under the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF), for which accuracy of diagnosis is considered high. Information was also extracted on smoking (never smoked, current, exsmoker and missing data),BMI, HbA1c levels (%), cholesterol levels (mmol/l) and systolic/diastolic BP (mmHg). Biometric measurement data were cleaned and we calculated patient means for each year when more than one relevant record was available. Using product lists we determined prescription prevalence (at least one) for relevant medications: ACE inhibitors, acarbose, α-blockers, anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, β-blockers, calcium-channel blockers, thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide- 1 agonists, statins and other lipid-lowering drugs, meglitinides , metformin, sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones. For approximately 60% of the practices, records were linked to Office of National Statistics (ONS) mortality data and we had access to death dates for all their patients. For these, using ICD-10 codes (www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/) we were able to estimate deathslinked to specific causes (underlying or in the top three): diabetes (E10–E16), ischaemic heart disease (I21–I22), stroke (I60–I64) or stroke excluding bleeds (excluding I63).

Publications

  • Evangelos Kontopantelis, David A Springate, David Reeves, Darren M. Aschroff, Martin Rutter, Iain Buchan, Tim Doran, Glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol levels and their relationships to clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study. Diabetologia, 58:505-518, 2015.

Clinical Code List

Rows: 92
Code Description Coding System (CPRD_product_code) Entity type Category
10088 DOXADURA tablets 4mg [DISCOVERY] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
11394 BARATOL tablets 25mg [SHIRE] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
119 doxazosin tablets 1mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
12518 HYPOVASE BD starter pack [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
1292 HYPOVASE tablets 1mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
1294 doxazosin tablets 4mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
13610 ALPHAVASE tablets 2mg [ASHBOURNE] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
1455 prazosin tablets 500 micrograms CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
16198 BARATOL tablets 50mg [SHIRE] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
16201 HYTRIN BPH tablets 2mg [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
19193 DOXAZOSIN tablets 2mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
19216 DOXAZOSIN tablets 4mg [IVAX] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
19823 ALPHAVASE tablets 5mg [ASHBOURNE] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
20369 doxazosin oral suspension 1mg/5ml CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
2117 DORALESE TILTAB tablets 20mg [CHEMIDEX] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
2345 HYTRIN BPH starter pack [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
23459 HYPOVASE BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA tablets 2mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
2346 HYTRIN tablets 5mg [ABBOTT] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
2347 HYTRIN tablets 10mg [ABBOTT] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
2348 HYTRIN BPH tablets 10mg [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
25047 HYPOVASE BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA tablets 500 micrograms [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
25487 CASCOR tablets 2mg [RANBAXY] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
25551 CASCOR tablets 4mg [RANBAXY] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
26237 ALPHAVASE tablets 500 micrograms [ASHBOURNE] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
26238 ALPHAVASE tablets 1mg [ASHBOURNE] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
26693 HYPOVASE BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA BD starter pack [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
2816 indoramin tablets 20mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
33094 DOXAZOSIN tablets 2mg [GEN (UK)] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
34342 DOXAZOSIN tablets 1mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
34553 DOXAZOSIN tablets 4mg [GEN (UK)] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
34601 DOXAZOSIN tablets 1mg [GEN (UK)] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
34625 DOXAZOSIN tablets 2mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
3470 terazosin tablets 1mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
34715 DOXAZOSIN tablets 1mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
35272 DOXADURA XL tablets 4mg [GENUS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
35603 doxazosin oral suspension 4mg/5ml CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
36023 CARDOZIN XL tablets 4mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
36649 HYTRIN tablets 2mg [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
36740 SLOCINX XL tablets 4mg [ZENTIVA] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
36780 HYTRIN tablets 5mg [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
3715 prazosin tablets 5mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
37243 CARDOZIN XL tablets 4mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
37428 HYTRIN tablets 10mg [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
38461 CARDOZIN XL tablets 4mg [ARROW] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
3923 terazosin bph starter pack 7 x 1mg + 14 x 2mg + 7 x 5mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
3924 terazosin tablets 5mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
40256 BARATOL tablets 25mg [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
40678 DOXAZOSIN tablets 4mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
40891 DOXAZOSIN tablets 2mg [IVAX] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
4111 HYPOVASE tablets 500 micrograms [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
41543 DOXAZOSIN tablets 1mg [IVAX] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
41651 PRAZOSIN tablets 500 micrograms [APS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
41652 PRAZOSIN tablets 500 micrograms [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
41721 PRAZOSIN tablets 1mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
43547 PRAZOSIN tablets 500 micrograms [IVAX] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
43695 COLIXIL XL tablets 4mg [SANDOZ] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
4449 CARDURA tablets 1mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
445 prazosin titration pack 8x500micrograms + 32x1mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
45040 LARBEX XL prolonged release tablet 4mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
45265 DOXAZOSIN SR tablets 4mg [GEN (UK)] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
45328 DOXAZOSIN tablets 1mg [SANDOZ] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
45342 DOXAZOSIN tablets 4mg [SANDOZ] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
45583 DOXAZOSIN tablets 2mg [DEXCEL] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
46066 CARDOZIN XL tablets 4mg [ALMUS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
4637 terazosin tablets 2mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
46526 RAPORSIN XL prolonged release tablet 4mg [ACTAVIS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
46922 PRAZOSIN tablets 1mg [IVAX] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
4694 terazosin starter pack 7 x 1mg + 21 x 2mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
47807 DOXAZOSIN XL tablets 4mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
4802 CARDURA tablets 2mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
48150 DOXAZOSIN tablets 1mg [ACTAVIS] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
4875 terazosin tablets 10mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
493 doxazosin tablets 2mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
5183 HYPOVASE tablets 2mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
5337 HYTRIN BPH tablets 5mg [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
5496 doxazosin modified release tablet 8mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
5618 CARDURA XL modified release tablet 8mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
5815 indoramin tablets 25mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
582 doxazosin modified release tablet 4mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
591 prazosin tablets 1mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
6008 OMNIC MR capsules 400micrograms [P & B] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
7056 tamsulosin hydrochloride modified release tablet 400micrograms CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
726 prazosin tablets 2mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
7547 DOXADURA tablets 2mg [DISCOVERY] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
7549 DOXADURA tablets 1mg [DISCOVERY] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
755 CARDURA XL modified release tablet 4mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
8076 HYTRIN starter pack [AMDIPHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
8077 HYTRIN tablets 2mg [ABBOTT] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
8086 CARDURA tablets 4mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
8198 HYPOVASE tablets 5mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
8863 HYPOVASE BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA tablets 1mg [PFIZER] CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug
9019 indoramin tablets 50mg CPRD_product_code res9: alpha_blockers drug

API

To Export Phenotype Details:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH493/version/986/detail/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH493/version/986/detail/?format=json
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get details of phenotype

details = get_phenotype_detail_by_version('PH493', '986', api_client=client)

To Export Phenotype Code List:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH493/version/986/export/codes/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH493/version/986/export/codes/?format=json
CSV site_root/phenotypes/PH493/version/986/export/codes/
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get codelists of phenotype

codelists = get_phenotype_code_list('PH493', '986', api_client=client)

Version History

Version
ID
Name Owner Publish date
986 Alpha Blockers ieuan.scanlon 2021-10-06 currently shown

Export - export all codes into a csv file/JSON/XML for the current phenotype version.

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