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Loop Diuretics

Evangelos Kontopantelis, David A Springate, David Reeves, Darren M. Aschroff, Martin Rutter, Iain Buchan, Tim Doran, Matthias Pierce, Darren M. Ashcroft

ID
PH543
Version ID
1086
Type
Drug
Data Sources
Valid event data range
01/04/2006 - 31/03/2012
Sex
♀  Female ♂  Male
Agreement Date
2014-12-16
Coding system
GPRD product codes
Collections
ClinicalCodes Repository Phenotype Library
Tags
No tags

Definition

Data source:

We used the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), a large primary care database that holds complete electronic patient records (including diagnoses, prescriptions and referrals) from participating family practices across the UK. A hierarchical clinical coding system (Read) is used to record the data. In July 2012, data were available for 644 practices and 13,772,992 patients. Full details of the database have been provided elsewhere.

Diabetes cohort:

We extracted data from 1 April 2006 to 31 March 2012 and, for ease of reporting and analysing, aggregated information into six financial years. Within each year, practice inclusion eligibility was determined by a CPRD assessment algorithm, which informs on practices considered to be of research standard; therefore, our cohort of practices varied over time. For each research standard practice and year, we defined as eligible patients those who were registered with the practice for the full year and were aged 18 years or over in that year. From these patients, using relevant Read codes for type 2 diabetes (e.g. C10F.00: Type 2 diabetes mellitus) and excluding those treated with insulin within 2 years of diagnosis, we identified 246,544 patients over the study period. Diagnoses were not constrained to the study period and a relevant code prior to the study as well as during the study period would flag a patient from the respective year onwards. Data on sex, age and removal from the database due to deaths were available and complete for all patients.We extracted data on diabetes-related macrovascular (myocardial infarction, stroke, peripheral vascular disease or amputation) and microvascular (retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy [chronic kidney disease stages 4–5] or foot ulcer) complications as well as comorbidities (asthma, coronary heart disease, chronic kidney disease [excluded from microvascular analysis], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, dementia, severe mental illness, heart failure, hypertension, stroke [excluded from macrovascular analysis], cancer, epilepsy, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis and hypothyroidism). Although we aimed to include all conditions associated with diabetes, the choice was partially determined by the domains incentivised under the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF), for which accuracy of diagnosis is considered high. Information was also extracted on smoking (never smoked, current, exsmoker and missing data),BMI, HbA1c levels (%), cholesterol levels (mmol/l) and systolic/diastolic BP (mmHg). Biometric measurement data were cleaned and we calculated patient means for each year when more than one relevant record was available. Using product lists we determined prescription prevalence (at least one) for relevant medications: ACE inhibitors, acarbose, α-blockers, anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, β-blockers, calcium-channel blockers, thiazide diuretics, loop diuretics, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide- 1 agonists, statins and other lipid-lowering drugs, meglitinides , metformin, sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones. For approximately 60% of the practices, records were linked to Office of National Statistics (ONS) mortality data and we had access to death dates for all their patients. For these, using ICD-10 codes (www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/) we were able to estimate deathslinked to specific causes (underlying or in the top three): diabetes (E10–E16), ischaemic heart disease (I21–I22), stroke (I60–I64) or stroke excluding bleeds (excluding I63).

Publications

  • Evangelos Kontopantelis, David A Springate, David Reeves, Darren M. Aschroff, Martin Rutter, Iain Buchan, Tim Doran, Glucose, blood pressure and cholesterol levels and their relationships to clinical outcomes in type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study. Diabetologia, 58:505-518, 2015.

Clinical Code List

Rows: 119
Code Description Coding System (CPRD_product_code) Entity type Category
10066 TOREM tablets 5mg [MEDA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
10392 LASIX tablets 500mg [BORG] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
10781 LASIX + K tablets [HOECHSTMAR] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
11265 triamterene with furosemide tablets 50mg + 40mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
11268 TOREM tablets 2.5mg [MEDA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
11487 torasemide tablets 2.5mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
12226 BURINEX oral liquid sugar-free 1mg/5ml [LEO] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
12294 BURINEX tablets 5mg [LEO] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
12354 etacrynic acid tablets 50mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
12367 piretanide capsules 6mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
1301 FRUMIL LS tablets 20mg + 2.5mg [HELIOS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
13435 FRUMIL forte tablets 80mg + 10mg [HELIOS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
1369 furosemide with amiloride tablets 40mg + 5mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
14587 amiloride hydrochloride with bumetanide tablets 5mg + 1mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
14761 FRUSID tablets 40mg [DDSA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
14837 FRUSOL oral solution sugar-free 50mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
15874 amiloride hydrochloride with furosemide tablets 2.5mg + 20mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
16206 FROOP 40 tablets 40mg [ASHBOURNE] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
1776 BURINEX K tablets 500micrograms + 7.7mmol [LEO] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
17960 furosemide with potassium tablets 20mg + 10mmol CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
18096 torasemide tablets 10mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
18332 ARIDIL tablets 20mg + 2.5mg [CP PHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
18497 amiloride hydrochloride with furosemide tablets 10mg + 80mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
18650 EDECRIN tablets 50mg [M S D] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
18983 BRINALDIX K effervescent tablet [BERK] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
19056 FUROSEMIDE solution sugar-free 50mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
19192 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [M&A PHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
19194 FUROSEMIDE tablets 20mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
193 co-amilofruse (amiloride and furosemide) tablets 2.5mg+20mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
20538 FRUMAX tablets 40mg [ASHBOURNE] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
211 FRUMIL tablets 40mg + 5mg [HELIOS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
21849 DRYPTAL tablets 40mg [BERK] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
21938 FROOP-CO tablets 5mg+40mg [ASHBOURNE] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
22658 TOREM tablets 10mg [MEDA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
22839 clopamide with potassium effervescent tablet CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
24832 LASIPRESSIN tablets [HOECHST] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
2493 BURINEX A tablets [LEO] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
2495 bumetanide with amiloride tablets CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
25334 FUROSEMIDE tablets 500mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
25717 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [GEN (UK)] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
25965 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 2.5mg+20mg [WOCKHARDT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
26292 DIURESAL tablets 40mg [LAGAP] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
26529 furosemide with penbutolol tablets CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
27447 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [CP PHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
27690 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
27696 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [KENT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
2772 LASORIDE tablets [BORG] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
2788 BURINEX tablets 1mg [LEO] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
27926 FUROSEMIDE tablets 20mg [GEN (UK)] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
28129 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 5mg+40mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
2961 FRUSENE tablets [ORION] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
29780 FUROSEMIDE tablets 20mg [CP PHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
3050 furosemide with triamterene tablets 40mg + 50mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
30625 FUROSEMIDE tablets 20mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
30773 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 5mg+40mg [BERK] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
30913 BETINEX tablets 1mg [BERK] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
31548 FUROSEMIDE tablets 20mg [ACTAVIS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
31773 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 5mg+40mg [WOCKHARDT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
31932 BUMETANIDE tablets 1mg [CP PHARM] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
32091 BUMETANIDE tablets 1mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
3248 furosemide tablets 500mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
32896 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [RANBAXY] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
32918 FUROSEMIDE tablets 20mg [SANDOZ] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
33527 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 5mg+40mg [GEN (UK)] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
33658 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 5mg+40mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
34006 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [ACTAVIS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
34280 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 2.5mg+20mg [SANDOZ] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
34374 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
34557 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [IVAX] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
34613 BUMETANIDE tablets 5mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
34622 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 10mg+80mg [WOCKHARDT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
34934 BUMETANIDE tablets 1mg [GEN (UK)] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
36190 furosemide oral solution sugar-free 5mg/5ml CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
36767 BUMETANIDE tablets 1mg [IVAX] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
3793 co-amilofruse (amiloride and furosemide) tablets 10mg+80mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
38901 FRUMIL LS tablets 20mg + 2.5mg [SANOFI/AVE] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
39602 BUMETANIDE tablets 1mg [ACTAVIS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
39807 FRUMIL tablets 40mg + 5mg [SANOFI/AVE] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
40898 TORASEMIDE tablets 5mg [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
41292 FUROSEMIDE tablets 20mg [WOCKHARDT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
41405 FUROSEMIDE tablets 500mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
41533 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 2.5mg+20mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
41719 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 5mg+40mg [ACTAVIS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
41828 FUROSEMIDE tablets 500mg [ACTAVIS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
4211 furosemide with amiloride tablets 20mg + 2.5mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
42388 FUROSEMIDE oral solution sugar-free 40mg/5ml [FOCUS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
42488 FUROSEMIDE oral solution 40mg/5ml [HILLCROSS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
43508 CO-AMILOFRUSE tablets 5mg+40mg [SANDOZ] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
45305 BUMETANIDE tablets 1mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
46525 TORASEMIDE tablets 5mg [TEVA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
4661 spironolactone with furosemide capsules 50mg + 20mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
46699 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [ALMUS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
46948 FUROSEMIDE tablets 40mg [ARROW] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
47647 co-amilofruse oral liquid CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
47815 FUROSEMIDE tablets 20mg [CELLTECH] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
4873 FRU-CO tablets 5mg + 40mg [IVAX] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
5218 bumetanide oral liquid sugar-free 1mg/5ml CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
5220 furosemide with amiloride tablets 80mg + 10mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
5249 furosemide oral solution sugar-free 50mg/5ml CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
55 furosemide tablets 20mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
56 co-amilofruse (amiloride and furosemide) tablets 5mg+40mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
5728 furosemide oral solution sugar-free 40mg/5ml CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
5868 FRUSOL oral solution sugar-free 20mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
6 furosemide tablets 40mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
6118 furosemide oral solution sugar-free 20mg/5ml CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
6160 bumetanide with potassium tablets 500micrograms + 7.7mmol CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
7441 LASILACTONE capsules [SANOFI/AVE] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
7582 LASIKAL tablets 20mg + 10mmol [BORG] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
7606 LASIX tablets 40mg [BORG] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
7709 ARELIX capsules 6mg [HOECHSTMAR] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
7734 DIUMIDE-K CONTINUS tablets [TEOFARMA] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
7799 LASIX tablets 20mg [BORG] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
7806 bumetanide tablets 5mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
8052 torasemide tablets 5mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
8102 furosemide with potassium tablets 40mg + 8mmol CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
814 bumetanide tablets 1mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
9431 FRUSEMEK tablets 40mg + 5mg [APS] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
9456 amiloride hydrochloride with furosemide tablets 5mg + 40mg CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug
9680 FRUSOL oral solution sugar-free 40mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] CPRD_product_code res9: loop_diuretics drug

API

To Export Phenotype Details:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH543/version/1086/detail/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH543/version/1086/detail/?format=json
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get details of phenotype

details = get_phenotype_detail_by_version('PH543', '1086', api_client=client)

To Export Phenotype Code List:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH543/version/1086/export/codes/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH543/version/1086/export/codes/?format=json
CSV site_root/phenotypes/PH543/version/1086/export/codes/
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get codelists of phenotype

codelists = get_phenotype_code_list('PH543', '1086', api_client=client)

Version History

Version
ID
Name Owner Publish date
1086 Loop Diuretics ieuan.scanlon 2021-10-06 currently shown

Export - export all codes into a csv file/JSON/XML for the current phenotype version.

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