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Schizophrenia Spectrum

Catherine Morgan, Roger T Webb, Mathew J Carr, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Jonathan Green, Carolyn A Chew-Graham, Nav Kapur, Darren M Aschcroft

ID
PH591
Version ID
1182
Type
Disease or Syndrome
Data Sources
Valid event data range
01/01/2001 - 31/12/2014
Sex
♀  Female ♂  Male
Agreement Date
2017-10-18
Coding system
Read codes v2
Collections
ClinicalCodes Repository Phenotype Library
Tags
No tags

Definition

Objectives:

To examine temporal trends in sex and age specific incidence of self harm in children and adolescents, clinical management patterns, and risk of cause specific mortality following an index self harm episode at a young age.

Design:

Population based cohort study.

Setting:

UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink—electronic health records from 674 general practices, with practice level deprivation measured ecologically using the index of multiple deprivation. Patients from eligible English practices were linked to hospital episode statistics (HES) and Office for National Statistics (ONS) mortality records.

Participants:

For the descriptive analytical phases we examined data pertaining to 16 912 patients aged 10-19 who harmed themselves during 2001-14. For analysis of cause specific mortality following self harm, 8638 patients eligible for HES and ONS linkage were matched by age, sex, and general practice with up to 20 unaffected children and adolescents (n=170 274).

Main outcome measures:

In the first phase, temporal trends in sex and age specific annual incidence were examined. In the second phase, clinical management was assessed according to the likelihood of referral to mental health services and psychotropic drug prescribing. In the third phase, relative risks of all cause mortality, unnatural death (including suicide and accidental death), and fatal acute alcohol or drug poisoning were estimated as hazard ratios derived from stratified Cox proportional hazards models for the self harm cohort versus the matched unaffected comparison cohort.

Results:

The annual incidence of self harm was observed to increase in girls (37.4 per 10 000) compared with boys (12.3 per 10 000), and a sharp 68% increase occurred among girls aged 13-16, from 45.9 per 10 000 in 2011 to 77.0 per 10 000 in 2014. Referrals within 12 months of the index self harm episode were 23% less likely for young patients registered at the most socially deprived practices, even though incidences were considerably higher in these localities. Children and adolescents who harmed themselves were approximately nine times more likely to die unnaturally during follow-up, with especially noticeable increases in risks of suicide (deprivation adjusted hazard ratio 17.5, 95% confidence interval 7.6 to 40.5) and fatal acute alcohol or drug poisoning (34.3, 10.2 to 115.7).

Conclusions:

Gaining a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the recent apparent increase in the incidence of self harm among early-mid teenage girls, and coordinated initiatives to tackle health inequalities in the provision of services to distressed children and adolescents, represent urgent priorities for multiple public agencies.

Publications

  • Catherine Morgan, Roger T Webb, Mathew J Carr, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Jonathan Green, Carolyn A Chew-Graham, Nav Kapur, Darren M Aschcroft, Incidence, clinical management, and mortality risk following self harm among children and adolescents cohort study in primary care. BMJ, 359(j4351), 2017.

Clinical Code List

Rows: 181
Code Description Entity type Category Coding System (Read)
1BH..00 delusions res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
1BH..11 delusion res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
1BH0.00 delusion of persecution res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
1BH1.00 grandiose delusions res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
225E.00 o/e - paranoid delusions res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
225F.00 o/e - delusion of persecution res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
285..11 psychotic condition, insight present res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E1...00 Non-organic psychoses res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E10..00 Schizophrenic disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100.00 Simple schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100.11 Schizophrenia simplex res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100000 Unspecified schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100100 Subchronic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100200 Chronic schizophrenic res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100300 Acute exacerbation of subchronic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100400 Acute exacerbation of chronic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100500 Schizophrenia in remission res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E100z00 Simple schizophrenia NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E101.00 Hebephrenic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E101000 Unspecified hebephrenic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E101400 Acute exacerbation of chronic hebephrenic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E101500 Hebephrenic schizophrenia in remission res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E101z00 Hebephrenic schizophrenia NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E102.00 catatonic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E102000 unspecified catatonic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E102100 subchronic catatonic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E102400 acute exacerbation of chronic catatonic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E102500 Catatonic schizophrenia in remission res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E102z00 catatonic schizophrenia nos res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E103.00 paranoid schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E103000 unspecified paranoid schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E103100 subchronic paranoid schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E103200 Chronic paranoid schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E103300 Acute exacerbation of subchronic paranoid schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E103400 Acute exacerbation of chronic paranoid schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E103500 Paranoid schizophrenia in remission res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E103z00 Paranoid schizophrenia NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E104.00 Acute schizophrenic episode res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E105.00 Latent schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E105000 Unspecified latent schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E105200 Chronic latent schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E105500 Latent schizophrenia in remission res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E105z00 Latent schizophrenia NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E106.00 Residual schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107.00 Schizo-affective schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107.11 cyclic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107000 Unspecified schizo-affective schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107100 Subchronic schizo-affective schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107200 Chronic schizo-affective schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107300 Acute exacerbation subchronic schizo-affective schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107400 Acute exacerbation of chronic schizo-affective schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107500 Schizo-affective schizophrenia in remission res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E107z00 Schizo-affective schizophrenia NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E10y.00 Other schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E10y.11 cenesthopathic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E10y000 atypical schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E10y100 coenesthopathic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E10yz00 other schizophrenia nos res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E10z.00 schizophrenia nos res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E11z.00 Other and unspecified affective psychoses res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E11z000 Unspecified affective psychoses NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E11zz00 Other affective psychosis NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E121.00 chronic paranoid psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E122.00 paraphrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E123.00 shared paranoid disorder res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E12y000 paranoia querulans res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E12z.00 paranoid psychosis nos res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E13..00 Other nonorganic psychoses res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E13..11 reactive psychoses res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E130.00 reactive depressive psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E130.11 psychotic reactive depression res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E133.00 acute paranoid reaction res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E134.00 psychogenic paranoid psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E13z.00 Nonorganic psychosis NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E13z.11 Psychotic episode NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E14..00 Psychoses with origin in childhood res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E141.00 Disintegrative psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E141100 Residual disintegrative psychoses res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E14y.00 Other childhood psychoses res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E14yz00 Other childhood psychoses NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E14z.00 Child psychosis NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E14z.11 Childhood schizophrenia NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E1y..00 Other specified non-organic psychoses res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
E1z..00 Non-organic psychosis NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu02z12 [X] Presenile psychosis NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu0z.12 [X]Symptomatic psychosis NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu2..00 [X]Schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20.00 [X]Schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20000 [X]Paranoid schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20011 [X]Paraphrenic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20100 [X]Hebephrenic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20111 [X]Disorganised schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20200 [X]Catatonic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20211 [X]Catatonic stupor res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20212 [X]Schizophrenic catalepsy res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20213 [X]Schizophrenic catatonia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20214 [X]Schizophrenic flexibilatis cerea res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20300 [X]Undifferentiated schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20311 [X]Atypical schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20500 [X]Residual schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20511 [X]Chronic undifferentiated schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20600 [X]Simple schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20y00 [X]Other schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20y12 [X]Schizophreniform disord NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20y13 [X]Schizophrenifrm psychos NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu20z00 [X]Schizophrenia, unspecified res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu21.11 [X]Latent schizophrenic reaction res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu21.13 [X]Latent schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu21.14 [X]Prepsychotic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu21.15 [X]Prodromal schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu21.16 [X]Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu21.17 [X]Pseudopsychopathic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22.00 [X]Persistent delusional disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22000 [X]Delusional disorder res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22011 [X]Paranoid psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22012 [X]Paranoid state res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22013 [X]Paraphrenia - late res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22014 [X]Sensitiver Beziehungswahn res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22015 [X]Paranoia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22100 [X]Delusional misidentification syndrome res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22111 [X]Capgras syndrome res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22y00 [X]Other persistent delusional disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22y11 [X]Delusional dysmorphophobia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22y12 [X]Involutional paranoid state res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu22z00 [X]Persistent delusional disorder, unspecified res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23.00 [X]Acute and transient psychotic disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23000 [X]Acute polymorphic psychot disord without symp of schizoph res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23012 [X]Cycloid psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23100 [X]Acute polymorphic psychot disord with symp of schizophren res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23112 [X]Cycloid psychosis with symptoms of schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23200 [X]Acute schizophrenia-like psychotic disorder res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23211 [X]Brief schizophreniform disorder res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23212 [X]Brief schizophrenifrm psych res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23214 [X]Schizophrenic reaction res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23300 [X]Other acute predominantly delusional psychotic disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23312 [X]Psychogenic paranoid psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23y00 [X]Other acute and transient psychotic disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu23z00 [X]Acute and transient psychotic disorder, unspecified res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu24.00 [x]induced delusional disorder res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu24.12 [x]induced paranoid disorder res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu24.13 [x]induced psychotic disorder res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25.00 [X]Schizoaffective disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25000 [x]schizoaffective disorder, manic type res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25011 [x]schizoaffective psychosis, manic type res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25012 [x]schizophreniform psychosis, manic type res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25100 [X]Schizoaffective disorder, depressive type res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25111 [X]Schizoaffective psychosis, depressive type res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25112 [x]schizophreniform psychosis, depressive type res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25200 [X]Schizoaffective disorder, mixed type res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25211 [x]cyclic schizophrenia res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25212 [X]Mixed schizophrenic and affective psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25y00 [X]Other schizoaffective disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25z00 [X]Schizoaffective disorder, unspecified res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu25z11 [X]Schizoaffective psychosis NOS res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu2y.00 [X]Other nonorganic psychotic disorders res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu2y.11 [x]chronic hallucinatory psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu2z.00 [X]Unspecified nonorganic psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu2z.11 [x]psychosis nos res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu32300 [x]severe depressive episode with psychotic symptoms res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu32311 [x]single episode of major depression and psychotic symptoms res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu32312 [x]single episode of psychogenic depressive psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu32313 [x]single episode of psychotic depression res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu32314 [x]single episode of reactive depressive psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu32900 [X]Single major depr ep, severe with psych, psych in remiss res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu32A00 [X]Recurr major depr ep, severe with psych, psych in remiss res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu33300 [X]Recurrent depress disorder cur epi severe with psyc symp res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu33311 [x]endogenous depression with psychotic symptoms res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu33313 [x]recurr severe episodes/major depression+psychotic symptom res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu33314 [x]recurr severe episodes/psychogenic depressive psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu33315 [x]recurrent severe episodes of psychotic depression res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu33316 [x]recurrent severe episodes/reactive depressive psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu44.14 [x]hysterical psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu84314 [x]symbiotic psychosis res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Eu84512 [X]Schizoid disorder of childhood res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
R001000 [d]hallucinations, auditory res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
R001100 [d]hallucinations, gustatory res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
R001200 [d]hallucinations, olfactory res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
R001300 [d]hallucinations, tactile res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
R001z00 [d]hallucinations nos res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
Ryu5300 [x]other hallucinations res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read
ZS7C611 schizophrenic language res59: Schizophrenia_spectrum diagnostic Read

API

To Export Phenotype Details:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH591/version/1182/detail/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH591/version/1182/detail/?format=json
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get details of phenotype

details = get_phenotype_detail_by_version('PH591', '1182', api_client=client)

To Export Phenotype Code List:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH591/version/1182/export/codes/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH591/version/1182/export/codes/?format=json
CSV site_root/phenotypes/PH591/version/1182/export/codes/
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get codelists of phenotype

codelists = get_phenotype_code_list('PH591', '1182', api_client=client)

Version History

Version
ID
Name Owner Publish date
1182 Schizophrenia Spectrum ieuan.scanlon 2021-10-06 currently shown

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