Objectives:
To conduct a fully independent, external validation of a research study based on one electronic health record database using a different database sampling from the same population.
Design:
Retrospective cohort analysis of β-blocker therapy and all-cause mortality in patients with cancer.
Setting:
Two UK national primary care databases (PCDs): the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and Doctors’ Independent Network (DIN).
Participants:
CPRD data for 11 302 patients with cancer compared with published results from DIN for 3462 patients; study period January 1997 to December 2006.
Primary and secondary outcome measures:
All-cause mortality: overall; by treatment subgroup (β-blockers only, β-blockers plus other blood pressure lowering medicines (BPLM), other BPLMs only); and by cancer site.
Results:
Using CPRD, β-blocker use was not associated with mortality (HR=1.03, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.14, vs patients prescribed other BPLMs only), but DIN β-blocker users had significantly higher mortality (HR=1.18, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.33). However, these HRs were not statistically different (p=0.063), but did differ for patients on β-blockers alone (CPRD=0.94, 95% CI 0.82 to 1.07; DIN=1.37, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.61; p<0.001). Results for individual cancer sites differed by study, but only significantly for prostate and pancreas cancers. Results were robust under sensitivity analyses, but we could not be certain that mortality was identically defined in both databases.
Conclusions:
We found a complex pattern of similarities and differences between databases. Overall treatment effect estimates were not statistically different, adding to a growing body of evidence that different UK PCDs produce comparable effect estimates. However, individually the two studies lead to different conclusions regarding the safety of β-blockers and some subgroup effects differed significantly. Single studies using even internally wellvalidated databases do not guarantee generalisable results, especially for subgroups, and confirmatory studies using at least one other independent data source are strongly recommended.
David A Springate, Darrent M Aschroft, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Tim Doran, Ronan Ryan, David Reeves, Can analyses of electronic patient records be independently and externally validated? Study 2—the effect of β-adrenoceptor blocker therapy on cancer survival a retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open, 5(e007299), 2014.
Code | Description | Coding System (CPRD_product_code) | Entity type | Category |
---|---|---|---|---|
1006 | HALF-INDERAL LA capsules 80mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
10191 | ATENIX tablets 50mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
10294 | INDERAL injection 1mg/ml [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
10429 | LOPRESOR tablets 50mg [NOVARTIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1048 | INDERAL tablets 80mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1050 | INDERAL tablets 40mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
10627 | CO-BETALOC tablets 100mg + 12.5mg [PHARMACIA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
10716 | CORGARD tablets 80mg [SANOFI/AVE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
10777 | TRASICOR tablets 160mg [NOVARTIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
10892 | EMCOR tablets 10mg [MERCK SER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1124 | TENORETIC tablets 100mg + 25mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
11338 | bendroflumethiazide with nadolol tablets 5mg + 40mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
11380 | SOTACOR tablets 160mg [BRISTOL] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
11711 | propranolol oral solution 50mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
11793 | metoprolol tartrate suspension 50mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12037 | BETIM tablets 10mg [ICN] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12054 | propranolol with bendroflumethiazide capsules 80mg + 2.5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12141 | betaxolol hydrochloride tablets 20mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12296 | SECTRAL capsules 100mg [AVENTIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12456 | SOTAZIDE tablets [BRISTOL] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12495 | BERKOLOL tablets 10mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12517 | timolol maleate with bendroflumethiazide tablets 20mg + 5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12519 | KERLONE tablets 20mg [SANOFI S] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
12651 | timolol maleate with bendroflumethiazide tablets 10mg + 2.5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1288 | TENORET tablets 50mg + 12.5mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1290 | bisoprolol tablets 10mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1295 | labetalol hydrochloride tablets 400mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
13051 | sotalol tablets 200mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1333 | oxprenolol tablets 40mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1334 | oxprenolol modified release tablet 160mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
13394 | TENORMIN syrup 25mg/5ml [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
13415 | CORGARD tablets 40mg [SANOFI/AVE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
13487 | BETA-CARDONE tablets 200mg [FOCUS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
13499 | LOPRESOR tablets 100mg [NOVARTIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
13526 | ATENIXCO tablets 100mg + 25mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
13871 | co-prenozide (oxprenolol and cyclopenthiazide) modified release tablet 160mg + 0.25mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14030 | CARDICOR tablets 2.5mg [MERCK SER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14057 | pindolol with clopamide tablets 10mg + 5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14058 | CARDICOR tablets 1.25mg [MERCK SER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14117 | EUCARDIC tablets 3.125mg [ROCHE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14126 | acebutolol hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide tablets 200mg + 12.5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14146 | EUCARDIC tablets 6.25mg [ROCHE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14438 | CORGARETIC 80 tablets [SANOFI S] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1448 | propranolol modified release capsules 160mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14502 | metoprolol tartrate injection 5mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14552 | PROPANIX tablets 10mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14673 | pindolol tablets 15mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
14808 | BEDRANOL modified release capsules 80mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
15042 | TOLERZIDE tablets [BMS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
15117 | nifedipine with atenolol capsules 20mg + 50mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
15176 | TOTAMOL tablets 50mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
15488 | metoprolol tartrate with chlortalidone tablets | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
15619 | HALF-BETADUR CR capsules 80mg [MONMOUTH] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1572 | sotalol tablets 80mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
15730 | TOTAMOL tablets 100mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1597 | labetalol hydrochloride tablets 100mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
16645 | LABROCOL tablets 400mg [LAGAP] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
16776 | CELECTOL tablets 400mg [PANTHEON] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
16786 | chlortalidone with atenolol tablets 25mg+100mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1684 | BETA-ADALAT capsules 50mg + 20mg [BAYER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
17082 | SYPROL oral solution 5mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
17149 | MONOZIDE 10 tablets 10mg + 6.25mg [WYETH PHAR] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
17322 | ATENIX tablets 25mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
17462 | bisoprolol and hydrochlorothiazide tablets 10mg + 6.25mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
17615 | CARDICOR tablets 5mg [MERCK SER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
17679 | sotalol injection 10mg/ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
17783 | SPIROPROP tablets [PHARMACIA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
1788 | atenolol with chlortalidone tablets 100mg+25mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
18185 | CARDICOR tablets 7.5mg [MERCK SER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
18287 | CO-BETALOC SA tablets 200mg + 25mg [PHARMACIA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
18414 | EUCARDIC tablets 12.5mg [ROCHE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
18743 | TENBEN capsules 25mg + 1.25mg [GALEN] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
18950 | TOTAMOL tablets 25mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19055 | chlortalidone with atenolol tablets 12.5mg+50mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19068 | labetalol hydrochloride injection 5mg/ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19142 | bendroflumethiazide with timolol maleate tablets 2.5mg + 10mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19172 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19178 | BISOPROLOL tablets 10mg [RANBAXY] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19182 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19191 | ATENOLOL tablets 100mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19200 | BISOPROLOL tablets 5mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19202 | CARVEDILOL tablets 6.25mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19437 | EUCARDIC tablets 25mg [ROCHE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
197 | atenolol injection 5mg/10ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19853 | CARDICOR tablets 3.75mg [MERCK SER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19858 | CARDICOR tablets 10mg [MERCK SER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
19998 | TRANDATE injection 100mg/20ml [FOCUS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
20012 | VISKEN tablets 15mg [SOVEREIGN] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
20082 | LOPRESOR SR tablets 200mg [RECORDATI] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
20093 | metoprolol tartrate with hydrochlorothiazide modified release tablet 200mg + 25mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
20169 | practolol injection 2mg/ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
20468 | HALF BETA-PROGRANE sustained release capsules 80mg [TILLOMED] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
20502 | ATENIX tablets 100mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
20728 | ATENAMIN tablets 25mg [OPD] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21025 | PRESTIM FORTE tablets [LEO] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21133 | ATENAMIN tablets 50mg [OPD] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21182 | hydrochlorothiazide with timolol and amiloride tablets 25mg + 10mg + 2.5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21838 | PROPANIX tablets 80mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21839 | BERKOLOL tablets 80mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21866 | BERKOLOL tablets 40mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21873 | ATENIXCO tablets 50mg+12.5mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21885 | OXYPRENIX SR tablets 160mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21905 | BIPRANIX tablets 10mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
21966 | BIPRANIX tablets 5mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
220 | propranolol oral solution 5mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
22208 | HALF PROPANIX LA sustained release capsules 80mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
22793 | LABROCOL tablets 200mg [LAGAP] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
22912 | bendroflumethiazide with propranolol capsules 2.5mg + 80mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
23131 | bendroflumethiazide with propranolol modified release capsules 5mg + 160mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
23134 | nadolol with bendroflumethiazide tablets 40mg + 5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
23326 | BETADUR CR sustained release capsules 160mg [MONMOUTH] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
23587 | SLOPROLOL capsules 160mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2361 | TRASICOR tablets 80mg [NOVARTIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24 | atenolol tablets 100mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24083 | BISOPROLOL tablets 5mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24094 | TRASICOR tablets 40mg [AMDIPHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2414 | INDERAL tablets 10mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24191 | ANTIPRESSAN tablets 50mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24195 | ANTIPRESSAN tablets 100mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24218 | BERKOLOL tablets 160mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24280 | TOTARETIC tablets 100mg+25mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2432 | TENORMIN LS tablets 50mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24461 | BETALOC IV injection 5mg/5ml [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24635 | SOTACOR injection 10mg/ml [BRISTOL] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
24832 | LASIPRESSIN tablets [HOECHST] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2499 | nadolol tablets 80mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
25359 | RAPRANOL SR capsules 160mg [RANBAXY] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
25363 | PRESTIM tablets [MEDA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
25367 | RAPRANOL SR capsules 80mg [RANBAXY] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
25462 | clopamide with pindolol tablets 5mg + 10mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
25644 | APSOLOX tablets 80mg [APS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
25730 | timolol maleate with amiloride and hydrochlorothiazide tablets | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2587 | TENORMIN tablets 100mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2590 | TENORMIN 25 tablets [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26 | atenolol tablets 25mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26211 | ANTIPRESSAN tablets 25mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26228 | PROPANIX LA modified release capsules 160mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26229 | BETA-PROGRANE capsules 160mg [TILLOMED] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26248 | TENCHLOR tablets 100mg + 25mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26255 | LOPRANOL LA capsules 160mg [OPUS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2629 | carvedilol tablets 12.5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26529 | furosemide with penbutolol tablets | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26741 | TOTARETIC tablets 50mg+12.5mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26895 | SYPROL oral solution 10mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
26922 | BREVIBLOC injection 10mg/ml [BAXTER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
27357 | OXPRENOLOL tablets 40mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
27486 | propranolol injection 1mg/ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
27700 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 40mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
27719 | METOROS LS tablets 95mg [GEIGY] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
27727 | sotalol injection 2mg/ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2775 | labetalol hydrochloride tablets 200mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
2780 | oxprenolol tablets 80mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
27946 | nadolol with bendroflumethiazide tablets 80mg + 5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
27964 | APSOLOL tablets 40mg [APS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
28048 | ANGILOL tablets 10mg [DDSA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
28128 | PROPRANOLOL sustained release capsules 80mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
28177 | hydrochlorothiazide with atenolol and amiloride capsules | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
28700 | CARTROL tablets 10mg [NOVARTIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
28788 | HALF PROPATARD LA modified release capsules 80mg [GALEN] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
28996 | BEDRANOL modified release capsules 160mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29180 | TRASICOR tablets 80mg [AMDIPHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29230 | SLOW-PREN tablets 160mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29368 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29398 | ATENAMIN tablets 100mg [OPD] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29427 | hydrochlorothiazide with metoprolol tartrate tablets 12.5mg + 100mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29610 | BETIM tablets 10mg [MEDA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
297 | propranolol tablets 10mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29762 | MEPRANIX tablets 50mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29763 | PROPANIX tablets 160mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29827 | carteolol hydrochloride tablets 10mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
29998 | METOROS tablets 190mg [NOV/GEIGY] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3005 | INDERAL LA capsules 160mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
30400 | MEPRANIX tablets 100mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
30519 | amiloride hydrochloride with timolol and hydrochlorothiazide tablets | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
30541 | esmolol hydrochloride concentrate for solution for infusion 250mg/ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
30636 | VASATEN tablets 50mg [SHIRE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
30770 | LABETALOL tablets 200mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3087 | propranolol oral solution 40mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
31214 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 80mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
31470 | TENCHLOR tablets 50mg+12.5mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
31536 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [KENT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3167 | propranolol tablets 160mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
31708 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 50mg+12.5mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
31776 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 40mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
31833 | ANGILOL tablets 80mg [DDSA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
31934 | ATENOLOL tablets 100mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
32094 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 50mg+12.5mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
32114 | BISOPROLOL tablets 5mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
32135 | BREVIBLOC concentrate for solution for infusion 250mg/ml [BAXTER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
32162 | PROPRANOLOL modified release capsules 80mg [LAGAP] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
32552 | CONGESCOR tablets 2.5mg [TILLOMED] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
32630 | VIVACOR tablets 10mg [LEXON] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
32787 | VISKEN tablets 15mg [AMDIPHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
32836 | METOPROLOL tablets 50mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33079 | ATENOLOL tablets 100mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33085 | ATENOLOL tablets 100mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33092 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33184 | ATENOLOL tablets 100mg [WOCKHARDT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33374 | CARVEDILOL tablets 12.5mg [GENUS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33376 | PROBETA LA capsules 160mg [TRINITY] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3344 | BETALOC tablets 100mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33569 | OXPRENOLOL SR tablets 160mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33578 | SOTACOR injection 40mg/4ml [BMS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33602 | SLO-PRO modified release capsules 160mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33644 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 80mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33650 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33657 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33659 | hydrochlorothiazide with metoprolol tartrate modified release tablet 25mg + 200mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33836 | APSOLOL tablets 160mg [APS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33839 | BISOPROLOL tablets 10mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33850 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
33909 | CONGESCOR tablets 1.25mg [TILLOMED] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34012 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 100mg+25mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34034 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 50mg+12.5mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34092 | METOPROLOL tablets 100mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34094 | METOPROLOL tablets 50mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34125 | METOPROLOL tablets 100mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34171 | LABETALOL tablets 100mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34177 | LABETALOL tablets 100mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34185 | PROPRANOLOL LA modified release capsules 80mg [APS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34188 | LABETALOL tablets 200mg [CELLTECH] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34208 | PROPRANOLOL SR capsules 160mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34214 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 160mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34265 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34365 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34371 | SOTALOL tablets 40mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34378 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 10mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34407 | METOPROLOL tablets 50mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34430 | METOPROLOL tablets 50mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34443 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [WOCKHARDT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34449 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 50mg+12.5mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34492 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34501 | CARVEDILOL tablets 12.5mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34509 | METOPROLOL tablets 100mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34520 | SOTALOL tablets 80mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34575 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [WOCKHARDT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34584 | METOPROLOL tablets 50mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34585 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34600 | SOTALOL tablets 40mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34640 | SOTALOL tablets 40mg [TILLOMED] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34690 | SOTALOL tablets 80mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34695 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [KENT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3474 | BETALOC SA DURULE 200mg [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34740 | CARVEDILOL tablets 6.25mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34741 | CARVEDILOL tablets 3.125mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34754 | ATENOLOL tablets 100mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34783 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 10mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34804 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 10mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34821 | BISOPROLOL tablets 10mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34825 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 50mg+12.5mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34854 | METOPROLOL tablets 100mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34867 | PROPRANOLOL capsules 80mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34868 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 40mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34882 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34884 | PROPRANOLOL modified release capsules 160mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34890 | METOPROLOL tablets 50mg [BERK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34899 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 100mg+25mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34925 | METOPROLOL tablets 50mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34945 | PROPRANOLOL sustained release capsules 160mg [LAGAP] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34949 | PROPRANOLOL sustained release capsules 160mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34963 | BISOPROLOL tablets 5mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
34976 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [TILLOMED] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
35054 | CELECTOL tablets 200mg [WINTHROP] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
35062 | TRASICOR tablets 20mg [AMDIPHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3516 | oxprenolol tablets 20mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3526 | amiloride hydrochloride with atenolol and hydrochlorothiazide capsules | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
35695 | VISKEN tablets 5mg [AMDIPHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
35710 | sotalol oral suspension 25mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
35778 | LABROCOL tablets 100mg [LAGAP] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3588 | MONOCOR tablets 5mg [WYETH PHAR] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
35938 | PROPRANOLOL SR capsules 80mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
35940 | CELECTOL tablets 400mg [WINTHROP] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
36261 | ATENOLOL tablets 50mg [TILLOMED] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
36576 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 10mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
36603 | PROPRANOLOL SR capsules 160mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3691 | sotalol with hydrochlorothiazide tablets 160mg + 25mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
37118 | BISOPROLOL tablets 2.5mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3748 | oxprenolol tablets 160mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
37725 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 100mg+25mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
37837 | BISOPROLOL tablets 2.5mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
3827 | PROPANIX tablets 40mg [ASHBOURNE] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
38370 | labetalol hydrochloride injection 100mg/20ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
38433 | PROPRANOLOL oral solution 50mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
38498 | sotalol injection 40mg/4ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
38991 | BISOPROLOL tablets 7.5mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
39233 | PROPRANOLOL SR capsules 80mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
39423 | SOTALOL tablets 80mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
39646 | bisoprolol oral liquid 0.625mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
39819 | esmolol hydrochloride solution for infusion 2500mg/250ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
39846 | VIVACOR tablets 5mg [LEXON] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4004 | SOTACOR tablets 80mg [BRISTOL] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
40167 | METOPROLOL tablets 100mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
40240 | LABETALOL tablets 400mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
40241 | PROPRANOLOL LA capsules 160mg [APS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4025 | SLOW TRASICOR sustained release tablets 160mg [AMDIPHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
40761 | nebivolol tablets 2.5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
41555 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 40mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
41572 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 100mg+25mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
41591 | BISOPROLOL tablets 10mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
41740 | CELIPROLOL tablets 200mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
41827 | LABETALOL tablets 100mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
42152 | SYPROL oral solution 50mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4265 | CELECTOL tablets 200mg [PANTHEON] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
42795 | CELIPROLOL tablets 200mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
43251 | BISOPROLOL tablets 1.25mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
43525 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 10mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
43549 | SOTALOL tablets 40mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
43564 | BISOPROLOL tablets 5mg [PLIVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
44000 | bisoprolol oral suspension 2.5mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
44083 | LABETALOL tablets 200mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4410 | carvedilol tablets 6.25mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4429 | TRASIDREX tablets [GOLDSHIELD] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
44808 | NEBIVOLOL tablets 2.5mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
44858 | ATENOLOL tablets 25mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
45250 | LABETALOL tablets 400mg [SANDOZ] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
45289 | metoprolol tartrate oral liquid | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
45297 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 40mg [IVAX] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
45309 | ACEBUTOLOL tablets 400mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
45343 | PROPRANOLOL SR capsules 80mg [CP PHARM] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4542 | atenolol with nifedipine capsules 50mg + 20mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
45494 | PROPRANOLOL tablets 10mg [ALMUS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
45765 | SYPROL oral solution 40mg/5ml [ROSEMONT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
45877 | BETA-PROGRANE capsules 160mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4588 | VISKEN tablets 5mg [SOVEREIGN] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4605 | MODUCREN tablets [M S D] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
46363 | HALF BETA-PROGRANE sustained release capsules 80mg [TEVA] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
46614 | LOPRESOR tablets 50mg [RECORDATI] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
46740 | LOPRESOR tablets 100mg [RECORDATI] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
46908 | ATENOLOL tablets 100mg [KENT] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
46931 | ATENOLOL tablets 100mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
46935 | CARVEDILOL tablets 3.125mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
46936 | CARVEDILOL tablets 3.125mg [HILLCROSS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
46952 | CO-TENIDONE tablets 100mg+25mg [ACTAVIS] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
47041 | BISOPROLOL tablets 2.5mg [GEN (UK)] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
47107 | carvedilol oral suspension 5mg/5ml | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
472 | bisoprolol tablets 5mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4725 | labetalol hydrochloride tablets 50mg | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
47300 | NEBIVOLOL tablets 2.5mg [GLENMARK] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4771 | EMCOR LS tablets 5mg [MERCK SER] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers | drug |
4796 | INDERETIC capsules [ASTRAZENEC] | CPRD_product_code | res24: beta_blockers |