Aims:
To determine association between HbA1C variability and hypoglycemia requiring hospitalization (HH) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods:
Using nested case-control design in electronic health record data in England, one case with first or recurrent HH was matched to one control who had not experienced HH in incident T1D and T2D adults. HbA1C variability was determined by standard deviation of ≥3 HbA1C results. Conditional logistic models were applied to determine association of HbA1C variability with first and recurrent HH.
Results:
In T1D, every 1.0% increase in HbA1C variability was associated with 90% higher first HH risk (95% CI, 1.25–2.89) and 392% higher recurrent HH risk (95% CI, 1.17–20.61). In T2D, a 1.0% increase in HbA1C variability was associated with 556% higher first HH risk (95% CI, 3.88–11.08) and 573% higher recurrent HH risk (95% CI,1.59–28.51). In T2D for first HH, the association was the strongest in non-insulin non-sulfonylurea users (P b 0.0001); for recurrent HH, the association was stronger in insulin users than sulfonylurea users (P = 0.07). The HbA1C variability-HH association was stronger in more recent years in T2D (P ≤ 0.004).
Conclusions:
HbA1C variability is a strong predictor for HH in T1D and T2D.
Victor W Zhong, Juhaeri Juhaeri, Stephen R Cole, Christian M Shay, Carolyn A Chew-Graham, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis, HbA1C variability and hypoglycemia hospitalization in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A nested case-control study. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 32(2), 2017.
Code | Description | Entity type | Category | Coding System (Read) |
---|---|---|---|---|
14A3.00 | H/O: myocardial infarct <60 | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
14A4.00 | H/O: myocardial infarct >60 | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
14AH.00 | H/O: Myocardial infarction in last year | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
14AT.00 | History of myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
14AW.00 | H/O acute coronary syndrome | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
322..00 | ECG: myocardial ischaemia | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
3222 | ECG:shows myocardial ischaemia | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
322Z.00 | ECG: myocardial ischaemia NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
323..00 | ECG: myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
3232 | ECG: old myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
3236 | ECG: lateral infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
323Z.00 | ECG: myocardial infarct NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30..00 | Acute myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30..11 | Attack - heart | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30..12 | Coronary thrombosis | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30..13 | Cardiac rupture following myocardial infarction (MI) | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30..14 | Heart attack | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30..15 | MI - acute myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30..16 | Thrombosis - coronary | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30..17 | Silent myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G300.00 | Acute anterolateral infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G301.00 | Other specified anterior myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G301000 | Acute anteroapical infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G301100 | Acute anteroseptal infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G301z00 | Anterior myocardial infarction NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G302.00 | Acute inferolateral infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G303.00 | Acute inferoposterior infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G304.00 | Posterior myocardial infarction NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G305.00 | Lateral myocardial infarction NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G306.00 | True posterior myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G307.00 | Acute subendocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G307000 | Acute non-Q wave infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G307100 | Acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G308.00 | Inferior myocardial infarction NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G309.00 | Acute Q-wave infarct | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30A.00 | Mural thrombosis | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30B.00 | Acute posterolateral myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30X.00 | Acute transmural myocardial infarction of unspecif site | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30X000 | Acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30y.00 | Other acute myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30y000 | Acute atrial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30y100 | Acute papillary muscle infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30y200 | Acute septal infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30yz00 | Other acute myocardial infarction NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G30z.00 | Acute myocardial infarction NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G310.00 | Postmyocardial infarction syndrome | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G311.00 | Preinfarction syndrome | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G311.12 | Impending infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G311000 | Myocardial infarction aborted | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G311011 | MI - myocardial infarction aborted | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G311500 | Acute coronary syndrome | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G311z00 | Preinfarction syndrome NOS | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G312.00 | Coronary thrombosis not resulting in myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G31y100 | Microinfarction of heart | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G31y300 | Transient myocardial ischaemia | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G32..00 | Old myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G32..11 | Healed myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G32..12 | Personal history of myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G33z000 | Status anginosus | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G33z400 | Ischaemic chest pain | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G33z500 | Post infarct angina | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G344.00 | Silent myocardial ischaemia | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G34y100 | Chronic myocardial ischaemia | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G35..00 | Subsequent myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G350.00 | Subsequent myocardial infarction of anterior wall | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G351.00 | Subsequent myocardial infarction of inferior wall | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G353.00 | Subsequent myocardial infarction of other sites | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G35X.00 | Subsequent myocardial infarction of unspecified site | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G36..00 | Certain current complication follow acute myocardial infarct | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G360.00 | Haemopericardium/current comp folow acut myocard infarct | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G361.00 | Atrial septal defect/curr comp folow acut myocardal infarct | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G362.00 | Ventric septal defect/curr comp fol acut myocardal infarctn | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G363.00 | Ruptur cardiac wall w'out haemopericard/cur comp fol ac MI | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G364.00 | Ruptur chordae tendinae/curr comp fol acute myocard infarct | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G365.00 | Rupture papillary muscle/curr comp fol acute myocard infarct | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G366.00 | Thrombosis atrium,auric append&vent/curr comp foll acute MI | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G37..00 | Cardiac syndrome X | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G38..00 | Postoperative myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G380.00 | Postoperative transmural myocardial infarction anterior wall | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G381.00 | Postoperative transmural myocardial infarction inferior wall | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G383.00 | Postoperative transmural myocardial infarction unspec site | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G384.00 | Postoperative subendocardial myocardial infarction | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G38z.00 | Postoperative myocardial infarction, unspecified | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G501.00 | Post infarction pericarditis | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G550.00 | Endomyocardial fibrosis | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G574011 | Cardiac arrest-ventricular fibrillation | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G575.00 | Cardiac arrest | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G575000 | Cardiac arrest with successful resuscitation | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G575100 | Sudden cardiac death, so described | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
G575z00 | Cardiac arrest, unspecified | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
Gyu3400 | [X]Acute transmural myocardial infarction of unspecif site | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
Gyu3500 | [X]Subsequent myocardial infarction of other sites | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
Gyu3600 | [X]Subsequent myocardial infarction of unspecified site | res50: myocardial infarction | diagnostic | Read |
To Export Phenotype Details:
Format | API |
---|---|
XML | site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH741/version/1482/detail/?format=xml |
JSON | site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH741/version/1482/detail/?format=json |
R Package |
|
To Export Phenotype Code List:
Format | API |
---|---|
XML | site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH741/version/1482/export/codes/?format=xml |
JSON | site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH741/version/1482/export/codes/?format=json |
CSV | site_root/phenotypes/PH741/version/1482/export/codes/ |
R Package |
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Version ID |
Name | Owner | Publish date | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1482 | Myocardial Infarction | ieuan.scanlon | 2021-10-06 | currently shown |
Export - export all codes into a csv file/JSON/XML for the current phenotype version.
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