Aims:
To determine association between HbA1C variability and hypoglycemia requiring hospitalization (HH) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Methods:
Using nested case-control design in electronic health record data in England, one case with first or recurrent HH was matched to one control who had not experienced HH in incident T1D and T2D adults. HbA1C variability was determined by standard deviation of ≥3 HbA1C results. Conditional logistic models were applied to determine association of HbA1C variability with first and recurrent HH.
Results:
In T1D, every 1.0% increase in HbA1C variability was associated with 90% higher first HH risk (95% CI, 1.25–2.89) and 392% higher recurrent HH risk (95% CI, 1.17–20.61). In T2D, a 1.0% increase in HbA1C variability was associated with 556% higher first HH risk (95% CI, 3.88–11.08) and 573% higher recurrent HH risk (95% CI,1.59–28.51). In T2D for first HH, the association was the strongest in non-insulin non-sulfonylurea users (P b 0.0001); for recurrent HH, the association was stronger in insulin users than sulfonylurea users (P = 0.07). The HbA1C variability-HH association was stronger in more recent years in T2D (P ≤ 0.004).
Conclusions:
HbA1C variability is a strong predictor for HH in T1D and T2D.
Victor W Zhong, Juhaeri Juhaeri, Stephen R Cole, Christian M Shay, Carolyn A Chew-Graham, Penny Gordon-Larsen, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis, HbA1C variability and hypoglycemia hospitalization in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A nested case-control study. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications, 32(2), 2017.
Code | Description | Entity type | Category | Coding System (Read) |
---|---|---|---|---|
66An.00 | Diabetes type 1 review | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
66At000 | Type I diabetic dietary review | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
66At011 | Type 1 diabetic dietary review | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C100000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile type, no mention of complication | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C100011 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C101000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile type, with ketoacidosis | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C102000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile type, with hyperosmolar coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C103000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile type, with ketoacidotic coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C104000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile type, with renal manifestation | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C105000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile type, + ophthalmic manifestation | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C106000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile, + neurological manifestation | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C107000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile +peripheral circulatory disorder | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C107300 | IDDM with peripheral circulatory disorder | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108.00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108.11 | IDDM-Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108.12 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108.13 | Type I diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108000 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with renal complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108011 | Type I diabetes mellitus with renal complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108012 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with renal complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108100 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with ophthalmic comps | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108112 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ophthalmic complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108200 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with neurological comps | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108211 | Type I diabetes mellitus with neurological complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108212 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with neurological complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108300 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with multiple complicatn | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108311 | Type I diabetes mellitus with multiple complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108400 | Unstable insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108411 | Unstable type I diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108412 | Unstable type 1 diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108500 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with ulcer | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108511 | Type I diabetes mellitus with ulcer | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108512 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ulcer | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108600 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with gangrene | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108700 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108711 | Type I diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108712 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108800 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus - poor control | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108811 | Type I diabetes mellitus - poor control | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108812 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus - poor control | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108900 | Insulin dependent diabetes maturity onset | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108911 | Type I diabetes mellitus maturity onset | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108912 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus maturity onset | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108A00 | Insulin-dependent diabetes without complication | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108A11 | Type I diabetes mellitus without complication | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108B00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108B11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108C00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108D00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with nephropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108D11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with nephropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108E00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with hypoglycaemic coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108E11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with hypoglycaemic coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108E12 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with hypoglycaemic coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108F00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108F11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108G00 | Insulin dependent diab mell with peripheral angiopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108H00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with arthropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108H11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with arthropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108J00 | Insulin dependent diab mell with neuropathic arthropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108J11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with neuropathic arthropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C108J12 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with neuropathic arthropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E.00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E.11 | Type I diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E.12 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E000 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with renal complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E012 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with renal complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E100 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ophthalmic complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E111 | Type I diabetes mellitus with ophthalmic complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E112 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with ophthalmic comps | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E200 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with neurological complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E212 | Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with neurological comps | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E300 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with multiple complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E311 | Type I diabetes mellitus with multiple complications | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E312 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with multiple complicat | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E400 | Unstable type 1 diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E411 | Unstable type I diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E412 | Unstable insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E500 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ulcer | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E511 | Type I diabetes mellitus with ulcer | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E512 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with ulcer | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E600 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with gangrene | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E611 | Type I diabetes mellitus with gangrene | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E612 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with gangrene | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E700 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E711 | Type I diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E712 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E800 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus - poor control | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E811 | Type I diabetes mellitus - poor control | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E812 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus - poor control | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E900 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus maturity onset | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E911 | Type I diabetes mellitus maturity onset | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10E912 | Insulin dependent diabetes maturity onset | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EA00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus without complication | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EA11 | Type I diabetes mellitus without complication | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EA12 | Insulin-dependent diabetes without complication | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EB00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EC00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EC11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EC12 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10ED00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with nephropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10ED12 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with nephropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EE00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with hypoglycaemic coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EE12 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with hypoglycaemic coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EF00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EF12 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with diabetic cataract | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EG00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with peripheral angiopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EH00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with arthropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EJ00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with neuropathic arthropathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EK00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with persistent proteinuria | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EL00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with persistent microalbuminuria | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EL11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with persistent microalbuminuria | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EM00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EM11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with ketoacidosis | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EN00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with ketoacidotic coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EN11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with ketoacidotic coma | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EP00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with exudative maculopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EP11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with exudative maculopathy | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EQ00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with gastroparesis | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10EQ11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with gastroparesis | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10P000 | Type I diabetes mellitus in remission | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
C10z000 | Diabetes mellitus, juvenile type, + unspecified complication | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
L180500 | Pre-existing diabetes mellitus, insulin-dependent | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
ZC2C900 | Dietary advice for type I diabetes | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
ZRbH.00 | Perceived control of insulin-dependent diabetes | res50: type 1 diabetes | diagnostic | Read |
To Export Phenotype Details:
Format | API |
---|---|
XML | site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH752/version/1504/detail/?format=xml |
JSON | site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH752/version/1504/detail/?format=json |
R Package |
|
To Export Phenotype Code List:
Format | API |
---|---|
XML | site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH752/version/1504/export/codes/?format=xml |
JSON | site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH752/version/1504/export/codes/?format=json |
CSV | site_root/phenotypes/PH752/version/1504/export/codes/ |
R Package |
|
Version ID |
Name | Owner | Publish date | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1504 | Type 1 Diabetes | ieuan.scanlon | 2021-10-06 | currently shown |
Export - export all codes into a csv file/JSON/XML for the current phenotype version.
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