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Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE)

Alison K Wright, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Ian Buchan, Mamas A Mamas, Naveed Sattar, Darren M Ashcroft, Martin M Rutter

ID
PH927
Version ID
1933
Type
Disease or Syndrome
Data Sources
Valid event data range
01/01/2006 - 31/12/2013
Sex
♀  Female ♂  Male
Agreement Date
2019-06-11
Coding system
Read codes v2 ICD10 codes
Collections
ClinicalCodes Repository Phenotype Library
Tags
No tags

Definition

BACKGROUND:

With recent changes in the United Kingdom’s clinical practice for diabetes mellitus care, contemporary estimates of sex disparities in cardiovascular risk and risk factor management are needed.

METHODS:

In this retrospective cohort study, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to hospital and death records for people in England, we identified 79 985 patients with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between 2006 to 2013 matched to 386 547 patients without diabetes mellitus. Sex-stratified Cox models were used to assess cardiovascular risk.

RESULTS:

Compared with women without T2DM, women with T2DM had a higher cardiovascular event risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.28]) with similar corresponding data in men (hazard ratio, 1.12 [1.06–1.19]), leading to a nonsignificant higher relative risk in women (risk ratio, 1.07 [0.98–1.17]). However, some important sex differences in the management of risk factors were observed. Compared with men with T2DM, women with T2DM were more likely to be obese, hypertensive, and have hypercholesterolemia, but were less likely to be prescribed lipid-lowering medication and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, especially if they had cardiovascular disease.

CONCLUSIONS:

Compared with men developing T2DM, women with T2DM do not have a significantly higher relative increase in cardiovascular risk, but ongoing sex disparities in prescribing should prompt heightened efforts to improve the standard and equity of diabetes mellitus care in women and men.

Publications

  • Alison K Wright,Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Ian Buchan, Mamas A Mamas, Naveed Sattar, Darren M Ashcroft, Martin K Rutter, , Cardiovascular Risk and Risk Factor Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus A Population-Based Cohort Study Assessing Sex Disparities. Circulation, 139:2742-2753, 2019.

Clinical Code List

Rows: 125
Code Description Entity type Coding System (ICD-10 Read) Category
323..00 ECG: myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
323Z.00 ECG: myocardial infarct NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30..00 Acute myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30..12 Coronary thrombosis res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30..13 Cardiac rupture following myocardial infarction (MI) res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30..15 MI - acute myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30..16 Thrombosis - coronary res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30..17 Silent myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G300.00 Acute anterolateral infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G301.00 Other specified anterior myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G301000 Acute anteroapical infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G301100 Acute anteroseptal infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G301z00 Anterior myocardial infarction NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G302.00 Acute inferolateral infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G303.00 Acute inferoposterior infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G304.00 Posterior myocardial infarction NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G305.00 Lateral myocardial infarction NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G306.00 True posterior myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G307.00 Acute subendocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G307000 Acute non-Q wave infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G307100 Acute non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G308.00 Inferior myocardial infarction NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G309.00 Acute Q-wave infarct res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30B.00 Acute posterolateral myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30X.00 Acute transmural myocardial infarction of unspecif site res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30X000 Acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30y.00 Other acute myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30y100 Acute papillary muscle infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30y200 Acute septal infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30yz00 Other acute myocardial infarction NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G30z.00 Acute myocardial infarction NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G311000 Myocardial infarction aborted res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G311011 MI - myocardial infarction aborted res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G35..00 Subsequent myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G350.00 Subsequent myocardial infarction of anterior wall res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G351.00 Subsequent myocardial infarction of inferior wall res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G353.00 Subsequent myocardial infarction of other sites res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G35X.00 Subsequent myocardial infarction of unspecified site res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G360.00 Haemopericardium/current comp folow acut myocard infarct res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G362.00 Ventric septal defect/curr comp fol acut myocardal infarctn res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G363.00 Ruptur cardiac wall w'out haemopericard/cur comp fol ac MI res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G364.00 Ruptur chordae tendinae/curr comp fol acute myocard infarct res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G365.00 Rupture papillary muscle/curr comp fol acute myocard infarct res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G38..00 Postoperative myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G380.00 Postoperative transmural myocardial infarction anterior wall res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G381.00 Postoperative transmural myocardial infarction inferior wall res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G384.00 Postoperative subendocardial myocardial infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G38z.00 Postoperative myocardial infarction, unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G575.12 Asystole res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G60..00 Subarachnoid haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G600.00 Ruptured berry aneurysm res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G601.00 Subarachnoid haemorrhage from carotid siphon and bifurcation res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G602.00 Subarachnoid haemorrhage from middle cerebral artery res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G603.00 Subarachnoid haemorrhage from anterior communicating artery res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G604.00 Subarachnoid haemorrhage from posterior communicating artery res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G605.00 Subarachnoid haemorrhage from basilar artery res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G606.00 Subarachnoid haemorrhage from vertebral artery res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G60X.00 Subarachnoid haemorrh from intracranial artery, unspecif res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G60z.00 Subarachnoid haemorrhage NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G61..00 Intracerebral haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G61..11 CVA - cerebrovascular accid due to intracerebral haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G61..12 Stroke due to intracerebral haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G610.00 Cortical haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G611.00 Internal capsule haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G612.00 Basal nucleus haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G613.00 Cerebellar haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G614.00 Pontine haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G615.00 Bulbar haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G616.00 External capsule haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G617.00 Intracerebral haemorrhage, intraventricular res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G618.00 Intracerebral haemorrhage, multiple localized res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G61X.00 Intracerebral haemorrhage in hemisphere, unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G61X000 Left sided intracerebral haemorrhage, unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G61X100 Right sided intracerebral haemorrhage, unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G61z.00 Intracerebral haemorrhage NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G62..00 Other and unspecified intracranial haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G620.00 Extradural haemorrhage - nontraumatic res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G621.00 Subdural haemorrhage - nontraumatic res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G62z.00 Intracranial haemorrhage NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G63..00 Precerebral arterial occlusion res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G63..11 Infarction - precerebral res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G632.00 Vertebral artery occlusion res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G63y000 Cerebral infarct due to thrombosis of precerebral arteries res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G63y100 Cerebral infarction due to embolism of precerebral arteries res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64..12 Infarction - cerebral res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64..13 Stroke due to cerebral arterial occlusion res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G640.00 Cerebral thrombosis res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G640000 Cerebral infarction due to thrombosis of cerebral arteries res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G641.00 Cerebral embolism res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G641.11 Cerebral embolus res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G641000 Cerebral infarction due to embolism of cerebral arteries res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64z.00 Cerebral infarction NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64z.11 Brainstem infarction NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64z.12 Cerebellar infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64z000 Brainstem infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64z111 Lateral medullary syndrome res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64z200 Left sided cerebral infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64z300 Right sided cerebral infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G64z400 Infarction of basal ganglia res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G66..00 Stroke and cerebrovascular accident unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G66..11 CVA unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G66..12 Stroke unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G66..13 CVA - Cerebrovascular accident unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G661.00 Anterior cerebral artery syndrome res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G662.00 Posterior cerebral artery syndrome res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G663.00 Brain stem stroke syndrome res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G664.00 Cerebellar stroke syndrome res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G665.00 Pure motor lacunar syndrome res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G666.00 Pure sensory lacunar syndrome res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G667.00 Left sided CVA res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G668.00 Right sided CVA res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G671.00 Generalised ischaemic cerebrovascular disease NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G671000 Acute cerebrovascular insufficiency NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G671z00 Generalised ischaemic cerebrovascular disease NOS res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G676000 Cereb infarct due cerebral venous thrombosis, nonpyogenic res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G6W..00 Cereb infarct due unsp occlus/stenos precerebr arteries res72: MACE Read diagnostic
G6X..00 Cerebrl infarctn due/unspcf occlusn or sten/cerebrl artrs res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Gyu3400 [X]Acute transmural myocardial infarction of unspecif site res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Gyu3600 [X]Subsequent myocardial infarction of unspecified site res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Gyu6100 [X]Other subarachnoid haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Gyu6200 [X]Other intracerebral haemorrhage res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Gyu6300 [X]Cerebrl infarctn due/unspcf occlusn or sten/cerebrl artrs res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Gyu6400 [X]Other cerebral infarction res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Gyu6F00 [X]Intracerebral haemorrhage in hemisphere, unspecified res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Gyu6G00 [X]Cereb infarct due unsp occlus/stenos precerebr arteries res72: MACE Read diagnostic
Rows: 2
Code Description Entity type Coding System (ICD-10 Read) Category
I20-I23 res72: MACE ICD-10 diagnostic
I60-164 res72: MACE ICD-10 diagnostic

API

To Export Phenotype Details:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH927/version/1933/detail/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH927/version/1933/detail/?format=json
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get details of phenotype

details = get_phenotype_detail_by_version('PH927', '1933', api_client=client)

To Export Phenotype Code List:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH927/version/1933/export/codes/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH927/version/1933/export/codes/?format=json
CSV site_root/phenotypes/PH927/version/1933/export/codes/
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get codelists of phenotype

codelists = get_phenotype_code_list('PH927', '1933', api_client=client)

Version History

Version
ID
Name Owner Publish date
1933 Major Adverse Cardiac Events (MACE) ieuan.scanlon 2022-04-04 currently shown

Export - export all codes into a csv file/JSON/XML for the current phenotype version.

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