BACKGROUND:
With recent changes in the United Kingdom’s clinical practice for diabetes mellitus care, contemporary estimates of sex disparities in cardiovascular risk and risk factor management are needed.
METHODS:
In this retrospective cohort study, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to hospital and death records for people in England, we identified 79 985 patients with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between 2006 to 2013 matched to 386 547 patients without diabetes mellitus. Sex-stratified Cox models were used to assess cardiovascular risk.
RESULTS:
Compared with women without T2DM, women with T2DM had a higher cardiovascular event risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.28]) with similar corresponding data in men (hazard ratio, 1.12 [1.06–1.19]), leading to a nonsignificant higher relative risk in women (risk ratio, 1.07 [0.98–1.17]). However, some important sex differences in the management of risk factors were observed. Compared with men with T2DM, women with T2DM were more likely to be obese, hypertensive, and have hypercholesterolemia, but were less likely to be prescribed lipid-lowering medication and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, especially if they had cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS:
Compared with men developing T2DM, women with T2DM do not have a significantly higher relative increase in cardiovascular risk, but ongoing sex disparities in prescribing should prompt heightened efforts to improve the standard and equity of diabetes mellitus care in women and men.
Alison K Wright,Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Ian Buchan, Mamas A Mamas, Naveed Sattar, Darren M Ashcroft, Martin K Rutter, , Cardiovascular Risk and Risk Factor Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus A Population-Based Cohort Study Assessing Sex Disparities. Circulation, 139:2742-2753, 2019.
Code | Description | Entity type | Category | Coding System (Read) |
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2BBP.00 | O/E - right eye background diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBQ.00 | O/E - left eye background diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBR.00 | O/E - right eye preproliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBS.00 | O/E - left eye preproliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBT.00 | O/E - right eye proliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBV.00 | O/E - left eye proliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBY.00 | O/E - referable retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBa.00 | O/E- non-referable retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBk.00 | O/E - right eye stable treated prolif diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBl.00 | O/E - left eye stable treated prolif diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBo.00 | O/E - sight threatening diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
2BBr.00 | Impaired vision due to diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C106.12 | Diabetes mellitus with neuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C106.13 | Diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C108700 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C108711 | Type I diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C108712 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C108B00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C108B11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C108C00 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C109600 | Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C109611 | Type II diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C109612 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C109A00 | Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C109A11 | Type II diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C109B00 | Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C109B11 | Type II diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C109B12 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10E700 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10E711 | Type I diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10E712 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10EB00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10EC00 | Type 1 diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10EC11 | Type I diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10EC12 | Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10F600 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10F611 | Type II diabetes mellitus with retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10FA00 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10FA11 | Type II diabetes mellitus with mononeuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10FB00 | Type 2 diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
C10FB11 | Type II diabetes mellitus with polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F171.00 | Peripheral autonomic neuropathy disease EC | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F171100 | Autonomic neuropathy due to diabetes | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F366.00 | Polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F367.00 | Peripheral neuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F372.00 | Polyneuropathy in diabetes | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F372.11 | Diabetic polyneuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F372.12 | Diabetic neuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F372000 | Acute painful diabetic neuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F372100 | Chronic painful diabetic neuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F372200 | Asymptomatic diabetic neuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F374500 | Polyneuropathy in hypoglycaemia | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F3y0.00 | Diabetic mononeuropathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F420.00 | Diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F420000 | Background diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F420100 | Proliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F420200 | Preproliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F420600 | Non proliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F420700 | High risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F420800 | High risk non proliferative diabetic retinopathy | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F420z00 | Diabetic retinopathy NOS | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
F422z00 | Proliferative retinopathy NOS | res72: Microvascular complications | diagnostic | Read |
To Export Phenotype Details:
Format | API |
---|---|
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R Package |
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To Export Phenotype Code List:
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CSV | site_root/phenotypes/PH928/version/1935/export/codes/ |
R Package |
|
Version ID |
Name | Owner | Publish date | |
---|---|---|---|---|
1935 | Microvascular Complications | ieuan.scanlon | 2022-04-04 | currently shown |
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