Print

Smoking

Alison K Wright, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Ian Buchan, Mamas A Mamas, Naveed Sattar, Darren M Ashcroft, Martin M Rutter

ID
PH931
Version ID
1941
Type
Lifestyle Risk Factor
Data Sources
Valid event data range
01/01/2006 - 31/12/2013
Sex
♀  Female ♂  Male
Agreement Date
2019-06-11
Coding system
Read codes v2
Collections
ClinicalCodes Repository Phenotype Library
Tags
No tags

Definition

BACKGROUND:

With recent changes in the United Kingdom’s clinical practice for diabetes mellitus care, contemporary estimates of sex disparities in cardiovascular risk and risk factor management are needed.

METHODS:

In this retrospective cohort study, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to hospital and death records for people in England, we identified 79 985 patients with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) between 2006 to 2013 matched to 386 547 patients without diabetes mellitus. Sex-stratified Cox models were used to assess cardiovascular risk.

RESULTS:

Compared with women without T2DM, women with T2DM had a higher cardiovascular event risk (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.20 [95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.28]) with similar corresponding data in men (hazard ratio, 1.12 [1.06–1.19]), leading to a nonsignificant higher relative risk in women (risk ratio, 1.07 [0.98–1.17]). However, some important sex differences in the management of risk factors were observed. Compared with men with T2DM, women with T2DM were more likely to be obese, hypertensive, and have hypercholesterolemia, but were less likely to be prescribed lipid-lowering medication and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, especially if they had cardiovascular disease.

CONCLUSIONS:

Compared with men developing T2DM, women with T2DM do not have a significantly higher relative increase in cardiovascular risk, but ongoing sex disparities in prescribing should prompt heightened efforts to improve the standard and equity of diabetes mellitus care in women and men.

Publications

  • Alison K Wright,Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Ian Buchan, Mamas A Mamas, Naveed Sattar, Darren M Ashcroft, Martin K Rutter, , Cardiovascular Risk and Risk Factor Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus A Population-Based Cohort Study Assessing Sex Disparities. Circulation, 139:2742-2753, 2019.

Clinical Code List

Rows: 62
Code Description Entity type Category Coding System (Read)
137..00 Tobacco consumption res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137..11 Smoker - amount smoked res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1371 Never smoked tobacco res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1371.11 Non-smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1372 Trivial smoker - < 1 cig/day res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1372.11 Occasional smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1373 Light smoker - 1-9 cigs/day res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1374 Moderate smoker - 10-19 cigs/d res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1375 Heavy smoker - 20-39 cigs/day res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1376 Very heavy smoker - 40+cigs/d res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1377 Ex-trivial smoker (<1/day) res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1378 Ex-light smoker (1-9/day) res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
1379 Ex-moderate smoker (10-19/day) res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137A.00 Ex-heavy smoker (20-39/day) res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137B.00 Ex-very heavy smoker (40+/day) res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137C.00 Keeps trying to stop smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137D.00 Admitted tobacco cons untrue ? res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137E.00 Tobacco consumption unknown res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137F.00 Ex-smoker - amount unknown res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137G.00 Trying to give up smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137H.00 Pipe smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137I.00 Passive smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137J.00 Cigar smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137K.00 Stopped smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137K000 Recently stopped smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137L.00 Current non-smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137M.00 Rolls own cigarettes res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137N.00 Ex pipe smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137O.00 Ex cigar smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137P.00 Cigarette smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137P.11 Smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137Q.00 Smoking started res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137Q.11 Smoking restarted res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137R.00 Current smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137S.00 Ex smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137T.00 Date ceased smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137U.00 Not a passive smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137V.00 Smoking reduced res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137W.00 Chews tobacco res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137X.00 Cigarette consumption res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137Y.00 Cigar consumption res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137Z.00 Tobacco consumption NOS res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137a.00 Pipe tobacco consumption res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137b.00 Ready to stop smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137c.00 Thinking about stopping smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137d.00 Not interested in stopping smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137e.00 Smoking restarted res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137j.00 Ex-cigarette smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137l.00 Ex roll-up cigarette smoker res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
137m.00 Failed attempt to stop smoking res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
8CAL.00 Smoking cessation advice res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
8H7i.00 Referral to smoking cessation advisor res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
8HTK.00 Referral to stop-smoking clinic res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
8HkQ.00 Referral to NHS stop smoking service res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
8IAj.00 Smoking cessation advice declined res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
9NS0200 Referral for smoking cessation service offered res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
9km..00 Ex-smoker annual review - enhanced services administration res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
9km..11 Ex-smoker annual review res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
9kn..00 Non-smoker annual review - enhanced services administration res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
9kn..11 Non-smoker annual review res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
9ko..00 Current smoker annual review - enhanced services admin res72: Smoking diagnostic Read
9ko..11 Current smoker annual review res72: Smoking diagnostic Read

API

To Export Phenotype Details:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH931/version/1941/detail/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH931/version/1941/detail/?format=json
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get details of phenotype

details = get_phenotype_detail_by_version('PH931', '1941', api_client=client)

To Export Phenotype Code List:

Format API
XML site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH931/version/1941/export/codes/?format=xml
JSON site_root/api/v1/public/phenotypes/PH931/version/1941/export/codes/?format=json
CSV site_root/phenotypes/PH931/version/1941/export/codes/
R Package

# Download here

library(ConceptLibraryClient)


# Connect to API

client = connect_to_API(public=TRUE)


# Get codelists of phenotype

codelists = get_phenotype_code_list('PH931', '1941', api_client=client)

Version History

Version
ID
Name Owner Publish date
1941 Smoking ieuan.scanlon 2022-04-04 currently shown

Export - export all codes into a csv file/JSON/XML for the current phenotype version.

Print - Print page.